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. 2020 Dec 10;24(1):101920. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101920

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Permeation and separation of REEs through NDNG membranes

(A) Effect of pH on the separation for NDNG-1 membrane. The pH of feed solution of REEs (5 mM) was adjusted to 3.0. The pH of driven solution was adjusted by diluted NH4OH or HNO3 solution. The thickness of the membranes is 105 μm.

(B) Permeation flux of REEs as a function of the NDNG-1 membrane thickness. The feed solution has a concentration of 5 mM for all elements at a pH of 3.0; The driven solution is dilute nitric acid at a pH of 2.0.

(C and D) Permeance with different NDNG membranes (NDNG-1, NDNG-2, NDNG-3, NDNG-4, and NDNG-5) for the REEs. The feed solution has a concentration of 5 mM for all elements at a pH of 3.0; The driven solution is dilute nitric acid at a pH of 2.0. The thickness of the membranes is 105 μm.