Table 3.
Larvicidal activity of K. sumatrensis aqueous leaf extract (ALE) and synthesized ZnO-NPs against IVth instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi.
| Time (Hour) |
Samples | LC50 (mg/mL) (LCL-UCL) |
LC90 (mg/mL) (LCL-UCL) |
χ2 | df |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | Plant extract |
28.13 (23.92−37.23) | 50.87 (40.47−75.78) | 1.38 | 13 |
| ZnO-NPs | 17.87 (14.95−21.90) | 43.56 (34.84−64.41) | 1.72 | 13 | |
| 24 | Plant extract | 24.24 (20.34−32.92) | 30.75 (26.78−37.61) | 0.867 | 13 |
| ZnO-NPs | 06.31 (01.12−09.25) | 26.71 (22.67−34.65) | 2.32 | 13 | |
| 48 | Plant extract | 15.54 (12.32−18.99) | 42.05 (33.54−62.83) | 0.812 | 13 |
| ZnO-NPs | 04.67 (0.8−7.65) | 22.95 (19.74−28.81) | 1.85 | 13 |
LC50-Lethal concentration kills 50 % of the exposed larvae, LC90-Lethal concentration kills 90 % of the exposed larvae. LCL-Lower confidence limit, UCL-Upper confidence limit, χ2 Chi-square value, df = degrees of freedom.