Table 4.
Larvicidal activity of K. sumatrensis aqueous leaf extract (ALE) and synthesized ZnO-NPs against IVth instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus.
| Time (Hours) |
Samples | LC50(mg/mL) (LCL-UCL) |
LC90(mg/mL) (LCL-UCL) | χ2 | df |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | Plant extract | 25.06 (21.45−32.37) | 48.85 (38.97−72.17) | 1.19 | 13 |
| ZnO-NPs | 12.72 (10.22−14.83) | 30.85 (26.59−38.54) | 1.67 | 13 | |
| 24 | Plant extract | 20.68 (17.33−26.92) | 49.06 (38.03−78.35) | 0.93 | 13 |
| ZnO-NPs | 3.24 (3.18−6.69) | 22.81 (19.44−29.17) | 1.80 | 13 | |
| 48 | Plant extract | 10.99 (6.99−13.72) | 34.60 (28.52−47.88) | 0.85 | 13 |
| ZnO-NPs | 0.08 (08.70−4.29) | 19.46 (16.46−24.89) | 2.53 | 13 |
LC50-Lethal concentration kills 50 % of the exposed larvae, LC90-Lethal concentration kills 90 % of the exposed larvae. LCL-Lower confidence limit, UCL-Upper confidence limit, χ2 Chi-square value, df = degrees of freedom.