Table 3.
Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro) of the included randomized controlled trials (acute exercises and chronic exercises).
| Author [Reference] | Item 1 | Item 2 | Item 3 | Item 4 | Item 5 | Item 6 | Item 7 | Item 8 | Item 9 | Item 10 | Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzing et al. (2016) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Pate (2015) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Gothe et al. (2013) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Chen et al. (2015) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Ellemberg and St-Louis-Deschênes (2010) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Jager et al. (2015) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Kubesch et al. (2009) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Chun et al. (2015) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Budde et al. (2010) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Yan et al. (2014) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Cooper et al. (2018) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Park and Etnier (2019) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Egger et al. (2018) Vera et al. (2018) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Vera et al. (2018) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Mean Score (acute exercises) | 7.00 | ||||||||||
| Chen et al. (2016) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| De Greeff et al. (2016) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Kval et al. (2017) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Jiang (2015) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Xin (2012) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Budde et al. (2016) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Purohit and Pradhan (2016) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Wang (2017) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Yin et al. (2018) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Chaddock-Heyman et al. (2013) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Stroth et al. (2009) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| Lina (2017) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Yan Jun and Chen (2013) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Keita et al. (2011) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Hillman et al. (2014) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
| Telles et al. (2013) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| Fisher et al. (2011) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Tarp et al. (2016) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Ludyga et al. (2018) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Nie (2019) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Egger et al. (2019) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Vera et al. (2018) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Mean Score (chronic exercises) | 6.77 |
Item 1 = eligibility criteria; Item 2 = randomization; Item 3 = concealed allocation; Item 4 = similar baseline; Item 5 = assessor blindness; Item 6 = subject blindness; Item 7 = a retention rate of 85% or above; Item 8 = comparison between groups; Item 9 = point measure and measures of variability; Item 10 = completeness of measurement results (“1” means that the corresponding item was explicitly described and present in details; “0” means that the corresponding item was absent, inadequately described, or unclear).