Table 8.

Regression analysis for chronic exercises vs. the control group of working memory.

ES	No. of studies/ comparisons	Coef. (β)	Std. err.	95% conf. interval	Test for between-group heterogeneity
					Q-value	df (Q)	p-value
Age	12	0.293404	0.263048	−0.225295, 0.683069	4.57	1	0.033
Type*	10	−0.375588	0.145919	−0.693518, −0.057659	3.57	1	0.024
Study quality**	13	−0.555877	0.105251	−0.785000, −0.326554	5.28	1	0.001
Duration	13	−0.036083	0.333311	−1.29879, −0.090172	0.11	1	0.921
Frequency	13	−0.113366	0.225896	−0.616694, 0.389962	0.50	1	0.627
Time	13	0.303556	0.177347	−0.086782, 0.693894	1.71	1	0.115
Composite	13	−0.235401	0.175217	−0.617166, 0.146365	1.34	1	0.204

^*shows that the data differ.*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01.