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. 2020 May 26;49(1):233–250. doi: 10.1007/s10439-020-02525-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Local activation time maps depend on fibre field. (a) Example LAT maps with pacing from the CS (top) and RSPV (bottom) for either the patient-specific fibre field (first column) or a fibre field mapped from a different anatomy (second column). Spatial maps of the differences (third column) and absolute differences between these LAT maps were constructed (fourth column), and the median of these two fields was calculated. Isochrone lines are at 5ms spacing. (b) Median absolute LAT differences are shown for each anatomy (rows A1–A7) between each fibre field (columns F1–F7, FA and FI) and the gold standard LAT map (corresponding to the fibre field for that anatomy), for LA bilayer (left) and RA bilayer (right) simulations. (c) Bar charts showing the mean and standard deviation of the median LAT differences for each fibre field (F1–F7, FA and FI), calculated across the 7 anatomies. These are given for the endocardial, epicardial and bilayer simulations for the LA (top) and RA (bottom). FA corresponds to the average fibre field; FI corresponds to the isotropic case.