Table 2.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of the study population in Brazil (Bahia).
| Characteristic | No LTBI | LTBI | Prior PTB | Prior EPTB | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 24 (20–31) | 26 (20–33) | 28 (19–31) | 26 (21–28) | > 0.99 |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 13 (52) | 12 (48) | 13 (52) | 14 (56) | 0.96 |
| Non-white race, no. (%) | 22 (88) | 20 (80) | 24 (96) | 23 (92) | 0.31 |
| Illicit drug use1 no. (%) | 2 (8) | 3 (12) | 4 (16) | 3 (12) | 0.86 |
| Smoking2 no. (%) | 1 (4) | 3 (12) | 7 (28) | 3 (12) | 0.10 |
| Alcohol abuse3 no. (%) | 5 (20) | 7 (28) | 10 (40) | 14 (56) | 0.08 |
| Acid-fast bacilli smear grade no. (%) | 0.58 | ||||
| 0 | 25 (100) | 25 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| 1+/scanty | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 3 (12) | |
| 2+ | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 14 (56) | 13 (52) | |
| ≥3+ | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 (40) | 9 (36) |
LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection, based on a positive tuberculin skin test; PTB, pulmonary tuberculosis; EPTB, extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Data are shown as median and interquartile (IQR) range or frequency (percentage). Data were compared between the clinical groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test (continuous variables) or the Pearson’s χ 2 test (for data on frequency).
Mycobacterium tuberculosis from either sputum or extrapulmonary site; all extrapulmonary disease was lymphatic.
The frequency of individuals with different values of acid-fast bacilli smear grade at the time of diagnosis was compared between PTB and EPTB groups (the groups of individuals without and with LTBI, as well as persons with negative smears, were excluded from this analysis).
Smear grade was from sputum samples for PTB patients or lymph node aspirates for EPTB.
All individuals tested negative for HIV infection.
1Illicit drugs: cannabis, cocaine, or crack;
2Past or current cigarette smoking;
3Two or more points on the CAGE questionnaire.