Table 1.
Attributes of Managerial Competence of First-Line Nurse Managers.
| Authors | Attributes of managerial competence | Items |
|---|---|---|
| International literature | ||
| Chase (1994) | Technical skill, human skill, conceptual skill, leadership skill, and financial management | 53 items |
| Donaher (2004) | Developing self, recruiting personnel, developing employees others, utilizing knowledge and skills of each employee, and retaining employees for organizational success | 58 items |
| DeOnna (2006) | Promoting staff retention, recruiting staff, facilitating staff development, performing supervisory responsibilities, ensuring patient safety and quality care, conducting daily unit operations, managing fiscal planning, facilitating interpersonal, group and organizational communication, leading quality improvement initiatives, promoting professional practice model, and developing self. | 93 items |
| American Organization of Nurse Executives (2005) | The science (managing the business), the art (leading the people), and the leader within (creating the leader in yourself) | 115 items |
| Pillay (2008) | Specific health-care skills, planning, organizing, leading, control, legal and ethical issues, and self-management | 51 items |
| Mathena (2002) | Interpersonal skills, clinical skills, technical skills, financial skills, staff development skills, resource management, political skills, and general skills | 8 dimensions—No items identified |
| Krajcovicova, Caganova, and Cambal (2012) | Knowing the organization, leading and managing people, managing resources, and communicating effectively | 4 dimensions—No items identified |
| American Nurses Credentialing Center (2006) | Organization and structure, economics, human resources, ethics, and legal regulatory | 5 dimensions—No items identified |
| V. C. Sherman (1980) | Planning, organizing, staffing, communicating, decision-making, as well as controlling | 6 dimensions—No items identified |
| Total: 370 items and 23 dimensions | ||
| Indonesian literature | ||
| Department of Health (1999) | Planning, directing and implementing, evaluating, controlling, and researching, managing resource in implementing nursing care (assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating) | 31 items |
| Almidawati (2015) | Planning, organizing, directing, evaluating, and controlling | 5 dimensions—no items identified |
| Warsito (2006) | Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling | 5 dimensions—no items identified |
| Wahyuni (2007) | Planning, staffing, directing, evaluating, and quality control | 5 dimensions—no items identified |
| Pabuti (2001) | Staffing nursing management, nursing unit management, nursing care management, education, and staff development management | 4 dimensions—no items identified |
| Indonesian Nurse Managers Association (2016) | Professional practice, ethics, legal, culture sensitive, nursing care and management, planning, organizing, directing, staffing, controlling, monitoring and evaluation, leadership, professional, personal, quality development, nursing education, and soft skills | 100 items |
| Indonesian National Nurses Association (2012) | Managing resources fairly and transparent, being a role model, and applying theory and model of nursing to improve performance | 8 items |
| Total: 139 items and 19 dimensions | ||
| Expert interview | ||
| Results of experts interview | Self-management, persuade or convince others, integrity, flexibility, creativity, communicate effectively, decision-making, vision direction, acceleration, human resource management, continuing education, policy management, quality oriented, networking, budgeting, conflict management, teamwork, negotiation, information management, and customer oriented | 20 items |
Total of all items: 529 items and 42 dimensions.