Table 4.
Association of cases (n=100) and controls (n=100) with respect to stress levels as per perceived stress scale
| Variables | Study group | Stress levels | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never | Almost never | Sometimes | Fairly often | Very often | ||
| Upset because of something that happened unexpectedly* | Cases | 20.0 | 15.0 | 26.0 | 17.0 | 22.0 |
| Controls | 60.0 | 15.0 | 19.0 | 6.0 | 0 | |
| Unable to control the important things in life* | Cases | 18.0 | 16.0 | 30.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 |
| Controls | 42.0 | 21.0 | 34.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | |
| Felt nervous and “stressed”* | Cases | 16.0 | 12.0 | 39.0 | 15.0 | 18.0 |
| Controls | 37.0 | 25.0 | 32.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | |
| Felt confident about ability to handle personal problem# | Cases | 28.0 | 14.0 | 35.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 |
| Controls | 18.0 | 21.0 | 25.0 | 10.0 | 26.0 | |
| Felt that things were going in the right way* | Cases | 31.0 | 7.0 | 44.0 | 7.0 | 11.0 |
| Controls | 17.0 | 15.0 | 30.0 | 10.0 | 28.0 | |
| Could not cope with the things* | Cases | 20.0 | 14.0 | 38.0 | 5.0 | 23.0 |
| Controls | 35.0 | 21.0 | 37.0 | 7.0 | 0 | |
| Able to control irritations in the life* | Cases | 30.0 | 13.0 | 36.0 | 8.0 | 12.0 |
| Controls | 10.0 | 10.0 | 31.0 | 18.0 | 31.0 | |
| Felt that on top of things* | Cases | 31.0 | 16.0 | 42.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
| Controls | 11.0 | 9.0 | 36.0 | 18.0 | 26.0 | |
| Angered because of things that were out of control* | Cases | 19.0 | 9.0 | 28.0 | 15.0 | 29.0 |
| Controls | 24.0 | 21.0 | 41.0 | 9.0 | 5.0 | |
| Felt difficulties piled up so high and could not overcome them* | Cases | 20.0 | 10.0 | 32.0 | 15.0 | 23.0 |
| Controls | 30.0 | 17.0 | 46.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | |
All values are in percentages; *P<0.001 (Chi-square test), #P=0.034 (Fischer’s exact test)