Table 3. Distribution of the pfgch1 amplifications (Dup).
| Region | Dup * | n | No. pfdhfr/pfdhps mutations ** Mean/Median [IQR] | CQ Resistance *** (%) | ARS Resistance **** (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Africa | None | 999 | 3.6/4 [3-4] | 50.7 | - |
| Prom | 232 | 4.0/4 [4-5] | 50.0 | - | |
| Gene | 23 | 4.0/4 [3-4.5] | 26.1 | - | |
| Central Africa | None | 248 | 4.3/4 [4-4] | 66.5 | - |
| Prom | 71 | 4.2/4 [4-4] | 67.6 | - | |
| Gene | 18 | 4.8/4 [4-5] | 72.2 | - | |
| East Africa | None | 94 | 4.5/5 [4-5] | 34.0 | - |
| Prom | 176 | 5.1/5 [5-6] | 35.8 | - | |
| Southern Africa | None | 32 | 4/5 [4-5] | 28.1 | - |
| Prom | 202 | 5.0/5 [5-5] | 1.0 | - | |
| Horn of Africa | None | 22 | 4.8/5 [5-5] | 90.9 | - |
| South(east) Asia | None | 1453 | 5.9/6 [5-7] | 83.7 | 35.7 |
| Gene | 437 | 6.6/7 [6-7] | 91.8 | 22.2 | |
| Oceania | None | 95 | 3.6/3 [3-5] | 97.9 | - |
| South America | None | 32 | 1.9/1 [1-2.25] | 100 | - |
CQ chloroquine; ARS artemisinin; IQR interquartile range;
* Promoter pDupI-J; Gene gDupA-H;
** based on pfdhfr (N51I, C59R, S108N, I164L and S306F) and pfdhps (I431V, S436A, A437G, K540E/K540N, A581G and S613S);
*** based on pfcrt K76T and other mutations (C72S, M74I, N75D/E, A144F, L148I, I194T, A220S, Q271E, A326D/S, I356L/T and R371I) or pfmdr1 N86Y;
**** based on pfkelch13 (F446I, Y493H, P574L, R539T, and C580Y)