Table 1. Baseline characteristics by race.
| All (N = 21,782) | Black (n = 7,974) | White (n = 13,808) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male % (n) | 44.0 (9,583) | 36.0 (2,873) | 48.6 (6,710) | <0.001 |
| Stroke Belt % (n) | 55.8 (12,155) | 51.0 (4,069) | 58.6 (8,086) | <0.001 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 64.1 (9.1) | 63.1 (8.8) | 64.7 (9.2) | <0.001 |
| Education* | N = 21,773 | n = 7,970 | n = 13,803 | <0.001 |
| < HS, % (n) | 9.5 (2,072) | 15.6 (1,241) | 6.0 (831) | |
| HS grad % (n) | 25.0 (5,454) | 27.2 (2,165) | 23.8 (3,289) | |
| Some college % (n) | 27.3 (5,944) | 28.1 (2,243) | 26.8 (3,701) | |
| ≥ College grad % (n) | 38.1 (8,303) | 29.1 (2,321) | 43.3 (5,982) | |
| Income, $1,000/year, % (n) | <0.001 | |||
| < 20 | 14.8 (3,233) | 22.9 (1,824) | 10.2 (1,409) | |
| 20–34 | 23.3 (5,077) | 26.2 (2,088) | 21.6 (2,989) | |
| 35–74 | 32.1 (6,998) | 29.0 (2,316) | 33.9 (4,682) | |
| ≥75 | 18.1 (3,945) | 10.8 (860) | 22.3 (3085) | |
| Refused | 11.6 (2,529) | 11.1 (886) | 11.9 (1,643) | |
| Health Behaviors | ||||
| Alcohol amount % (n)* | N = 21,394 | n = 7,785 | n = 13,609 | <0.001 |
| None | 60.3 (12,911) | 70.1 (5,457) | 54.8 (7,454) | |
| Moderate | 35.5 (7,592) | 27.5 (2,137) | 40.1 (5,455) | |
| Heavy | 4.2 (891) | 2.5 (191) | 5.1 (700) | |
| Smoking frequency % (n)* | N = 21,701 | n = 7,939 | n = 13,762 | <0.001 |
| Never/Past | 86.7 (18,819) | 84.1 (6,677) | 88.2 (12,142) | |
| Current | 13.3 (2,882) | 15.9 (1,262) | 11.8 (1,620) | |
| No weekly exercise % (n)* | 32.0 (6,872) | 35.0 (2,756) | 30.2 (4,116) | <0.001 |
| N = 21,488 | n = 7,871 | n = 13,617 | ||
| Vascular Risk Factors | ||||
| Diabetes % (n)* | 18.7 (4,043) | 26.7 (2,120) | 14.0 (1,923) | <0.001 |
| N = 21,649 | n = 7,927 | n = 13,722 | ||
| Prevalent CVD % (n)* | 15.7 (3,368) | 13.0 (1,019) | 17.3 (2,349) | <0.001 |
| N = 21,436 | n = 7,834 | n = 13,602 | ||
| Dyslipidemia % (n)* | 57.9 (12,485) | 53.4 (4,212) | 60.5 (8,273) | <0.001 |
| N = 21,559 | n = 7,888 | n = 13,671 | ||
| Hypertension % (n)* | 71.9 (15,625) | 83.1 (6,619) | 65.4 (9,006) | <0.001 |
| N = 21,736 | n = 7,964 | n = 13,772 | ||
| BMI Category % (n)* | N = 21,653 | n = 7,913 | n = 13,740 | <0.001 |
| Underweight/Normal | 24.6 (5,327) | 16.7 (1,323) | 29.1 (4,004) | |
| Overweight/Obese | 75.4 (16,326) | 83.3 (6,590) | 70.9 (9,736) | |
| CRP mg/L, median (IQR) | 2.1 (0.9–4.8) | 2.8 (1.2–6.3) | 1.8 (0.8–4.1) | <0.001 |
Note. CVD = cardiovascular disease, BMI = body mass index, CRP = C-reactive protein.