Table 1.
Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Asthma Management Variables.
| Variable | Racial/Ethnic Group | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic/Latinx White | Hispanic/Latinx | Black | |
| n = 39 (39%) | n = 34 (34%) | n = 26 (26%) | |
| Relationship to Child | |||
| Mother | 38 (97%) | 33 (97%) | 23 (89%) |
| Caregiver Education (Mother) | |||
| High School Equilivent or Less | 5 (13%) | 14 (41%) | 10 (39%) |
| Some College | 15 (38%) | 17 (50%) | 11 (42%) |
| College Graduate | 10 (26%) | 2 (6%) | 3 (12%) |
| Graduate or Profressoinal School | 8 (21%) | 0 | 0 |
| Missing/Refused | 1 (3%) | 2 (8%) | |
| Child Age (Years) | M = 13.8 (SD = .5) | M = 13.8 (SD = .6) | M = 13.7 (SD = .6) |
| Child Sex (Male) | 24 (62%) | 21 (62%) | 16 (62%) |
| Language Preference | |||
| English | 39 (100%) | 15 (44%) | 26 (100%) |
| Spanish | ----- | 19 (56%) | ----- |
| Child Asthma Severity | |||
| Mild intermittent | 2 (5%) | 4 (12%) | 2 (8%) |
| Mild Persistent | 15 (39%) | 14 (41%) | 8 (31%) |
| Moderate Persistent | 16 (41%) | 13 (38%) | 11 (42%) |
| Severe | 6 (15%) | 3 (9%) | 5 (19%) |
| Caregiver Marital Status | |||
| Married | 31 (80%) | 11 (32%) | 5 (19%) |
| Separated | 1 (3%) | 2 (6%) | 4 (15%) |
| Divorced | 3 (8%) | 12 (35%) | 6 (23%) |
| Never Married | 3 (8%) | 9 (27%) | 10 (39%) |
| Family Poverty Status | |||
| At or Below Poverty Threshold | 8 (21%) | 24 (71%) | 9 (35%) |
| Above Poverty Threshold | 29 (74%) | 8 (24%) | 14 (54%) |
| Parent Reported Environmental Triggers | |||
| Allergens | 16 (41%) | 19 (56%) | 17 (65%) |
| Pollen | 29 (74%) | 26 (77%) | 22 (85%) |
| Mold | 22 (56%) | 20 (59%) | 18 (69%) |
| Tobacco Smoke | 27 (69%) | 29 (85%) | 22 (85%) |
| Seasonal Weather Changes | 32 (82%) | 26 (77%) | 23 (89%) |
| Strong Odors | 16 (41%) | 22 (65%) | 16 (62%) |
| Home Tobacco Smoke Exposure | 3 (8%) | 3 (9%) | 6 (23%) |
| Barriers to Care | |||
| Buying Perscription Medicines | |||
| Never | 1 (3%) | 3 (9%) | 4 (17%) |
| Sometimes | 5 (14%) | 9 (28%) | 2 (9%) |
| Always | 27 (73%) | 13 (41%) | 12 (52%) |
| Missing | 2 (5%) | 7 (23%) | 4 (17%) |
| Doctor Appointments | |||
| Never | 1 (3%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (9%) |
| Sometimes | 3 (8%) | 6 (19%) | 4 (17%) |
| Always | 29 (78%) | 18 (56%) | 13 (57%) |
| Missing | 2 (5%) | 6 (19%) | 4 (17%) |
| Health Care Utilization | |||
| Number of Hospitalizations | M = .36 (SD =1.0) | M = .24 (SD .66) | M = .27 (SD = .67) |
| Nukber of Emergengy Room Visits | M = 1.3 (SD = 4.8) | M = .79 (SD = 1.1) | M = 1.1 (SD = 2.1) |
| Number of Doctor Sick Visits | M = 4.1 (SD = 9.9) | M = 2.52 (SD = 4.0) | M = 2.9 (SD = 3.5) |
| Missed School Due to Asthma | M = 6.7 (SD = 12.5) | M = 5.5 (SD = 8.1) | M = 2.8 (SD = 3.7) |
Note. M = mean, SD = standard deviation.