FIGURE 1.

IL‐1β increases the release of astrocyte derived extracellular vesicles. Astrocyte derived extracellular vesicles shed in response to IL‐1β (200 ng/ml; astrocyte derived EV‐IL‐1β as ADEV‐IL‐1β) or constitutively released (astrocyte derived EV‐CR as ADEV‐CR) were isolated from media using a multi‐step ultracentrifugation. (a) Isolated astrocyte derived EVs were immunobloted for the tetraspanin protein CD63, The ESCRT protein TSG101, the lipid raft protein flotillin‐1, the mitochondrial protein mitofilin, and the cytoskeletal protein a‐actinin‐4. Data are mean ± SEM of n = 3 independent experiments per condition. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, Student's t‐test. (b) Representative histograms showing the size distribution and number of particles per millilitre using samples isolated from astrocyte derived EV‐CR and astrocyte derived EV‐IL‐1β. The (c) size and (d) concentration of astrocyte derived EVs isolated from the indicated experimental conditions are shown. Data are mean ± SEM of n = 10 independent experiments per condition. **P < 0.01. Student's t‐test