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. 2020 Dec 18;10:590083. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.590083

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Copyright © 2020 Zhang, Ko, Chen, Chang, Chen, Lim, Tsui and Su

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Box plot of (A) T1 surface-to-volume ratio, (B) T1 GLCM-informational measure of correlation, (C) T2 NGTDM-coarseness, and (D) SVM score for prediction of P/R in NFPAs. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) (Mann-Whitney U test) in the selected features and SVM score are observed. Boxes indicate the interquartile range (IQR), and whiskers indicate the range. The horizontal line represents the median in each box. Circles represent outliers, which are defined as distances greater than 1.5 times the IQR below the first quartile or above the third quartile. Stars represent extreme values, defined as distances greater than three times the IQR below the first quartile.