Table 3.

Unadjusted Prevalence Ratios (with 95% Confidence Intervals) for Preconception Risk Factors Among Women 18–44 Years Old (BRFSS 2016), N=59,317

Indicator	NH White Disability		NH Black No Disability		NH Black Disability		Hispanic No Disability		Hispanic Disability		Other Race No Disability		Other Race Disability
	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI
General Health Status
Fair/poor health	7.69***	6.88 – 8.58	1.92***	1.63 – 2.26	8.47***	7.27 – 9.88	3.15***	2.76 – 3.61	8.56***	7.44 – 9.84	1.25	0.99 – 1.57	7.87***	6.53 – 9.48
Social Determinants
<High school education	3.25***	2.76 – 3.83	1.30*	1.04 – 1.63	3.75***	2.94 – 4.78	6.42***	5.64 – 7.32	7.52***	6.41 – 8.83	0.70*	0.52 – 0.94	2.91***	2.11 – 3.99
Health Care
No health insurance	1.79***	1.57 – 2.04	1.71***	1.50 – 1.96	2.42***	1.93 – 3.02	4.41***	4.03 – 4.82	4.25***	3.68 – 4.90	1.19	0.99 – 1.43	1.90***	1.38 – 2.62
No checkup in past year	1.05	0.98 – 1.12	0.62***	0.56 – 0.68	0.73***	0.61 – 0.88	1.05	0.99 – 1.12	1.03	0.92 – 1.16	0.87**	0.80 – 0.95	1.09	0.93 – 1.28
No dental visit in past year	1.75***	1.65 – 1.86	1.30***	1.21 – 1.40	1.89***	1.70 – 2.10	1.45***	1.37 – 1.54	1.73***	1.57 – 1.91	1.10	1.00 – 1.21	1.48***	1.27 – 1.74
No Pap test in past 3 years	1.63***	1.43 – 1.85	0.61***	0.49 – 0.77	0.77	0.57 – 1.05	0.86	0.74 – 1.00	1.29*	1.02 – 1.64	1.02	0.83 – 1.25	1.15	0.85 – 1.56
Substance Use
Current smoking	2.59***	2.41 – 2.78	0.74***	0.66 – 0.84	1.73***	1.46 – 2.04	0.35***	0.30 – 0.41	1.09	0.90 – 1.31	0.43***	0.37 – 0.51	1.94***	1.62 – 2.32
Heavy drinking	0.96	0.82 – 1.13	0.53***	0.41 – 0.70	1.07	0.69 – 1.65	0.33***	0.26 – 0.41	0.84	0.61 – 1.17	0.44***	0.35 – 0.56	1.06	0.68 – 1.65
Binge drinking	1.58***	1.25 – 1.99	0.79	0.60 – 1.04	1.52	0.86 – 2.70	0.42***	0.32 – 0.56	1.28	0.83 – 2.00	0.43***	0.31 – 0.59	1.79*	1.11 – 2.88
Nutrition and Physical Activity
Obesity	1.59***	1.47 – 1.71	1.66***	1.54 – 1.78	2.37***	2.14 – 2.63	1.32***	1.22 – 1.43	1.78***	1.59 – 2.00	0.59***	0.51 – 0.68	1.76***	1.49 – 2.08
No exercise in past month	2.28***	2.09 – 2.49	2.01***	1.84 – 2.20	3.02***	2.65 – 3.46	2.25***	2.08 – 2.44	2.74***	2.42 – 3.10	1.47***	1.28 – 1.68	2.08***	1.70 – 2.53
Mental Health
Frequent mental distress	4.82***	4.47 – 5.19	0.78**	0.66 – 0.93	3.60***	3.12 – 4.15	0.70***	0.60 – 0.82	2.59***	2.21 – 3.04	0.65***	0.53 – 0.79	4.29***	3.68 – 5.01
Inadequate social supporta	3.47***	2.64 – 4.56	2.35***	1.69 – 3.27	5.69***	4.25 – 7.62	2.14**	1.30 – 3.52	2.89**	1.35 – 6.20	1.54	0.96 – 2.49
Chronic Conditions
Diabetes	4.36***	3.48 – 5.47	2.18***	1.68 – 2.83	6.91***	5.06 – 9.44	1.88***	1.42 – 2.48	3.58***	2.55 – 5.03	1.89**	1.29 – 2.76	4.76***	2.85 – 7.97
Current asthma	2.14***	1.93 – 2.36	1.18*	1.01 – 1.37	2.23***	1.87 – 2.65	0.58***	0.50 – 0.68	1.65***	1.38 – 1.97	0.63***	0.52 – 0.76	2.01***	1.56 – 2.58
Infections
Never tested for HIV	0.76***	0.71 – 0.81	0.48***	0.43 – 0.52	0.48***	0.40 – 0.57	0.89***	0.85 – 0.93	0.81***	0.73 – 0.90	1.19***	1.13 – 1.25	0.70***	0.59 – 0.82
No flu vaccine in past year	1.11***	1.07 – 1.14	1.13***	1.09 – 1.16	1.09**	1.02 – 1.17	1.12***	1.09 – 1.15	1.18***	1.12 – 1.24	0.91***	0.86 – 0.96	1.10*	1.02 – 1.19

^***p<0.001

^**p<0.01

^*p<0.05

Note: Non-Hispanic White women with no disabilities served as the reference group.

^aOnly four states (Louisiana, Minnesota, Rhode Island, Tennessee) collected data on social support and total sample size for this item was 3,473; the sample size for women with disabilities in the Other Race group was insufficient for reporting estimates on this indicator.

BRFSS=Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; PR=Prevalence Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval