Fig. 3. Spatial distribution of glacier retreat and categorization.
Greenland glaciers (226) are classified by bathymetry and water properties as deep and warm (DW; blue/white circle), calving on a ridge (CR; yellow circle), shallow and cold (SC; brown circle), terminating in a FE (gray circle); and by those with sustained retreat (SR; green circle) or NC (red circle). Circles are proportional to the grounded ice loss in square kilometer for 1992–2017, with blue for undercutting versus other ablation processes on DW glaciers. ΔTW and ΔTC are net changes in ocean TF during the 1998–2007 and 2008–2017 periods, respectively. Background ice velocity map is from (35), and bathymetry is from (19).