Fig. 4. Summary of cumulative anomalies at the glacier terminus for ten examples.

(A to J) Example glaciers for the seven regions showing time series of observed ice front retreat, ${\widehat{Q}}_{\mathrm{r}}$ (black), retreat induced by surface thinning, ${\widehat{Q}}_{\mathrm{s}}$ (red), and cumulative anomalies in undercutting by the ocean ${\widehat{Q}}_{\mathrm{m}}$ (blue) and in ice advection, ${\widehat{Q}}_{\mathrm{f}}$ (green), for 1992–2017. Second and fourth columns show the ice front location color coded from 1992–2017 overlaid on Landsat 8 imagery or bed elevation. Note that the vertical axis is scaled differently for each example.