Skip to main content
. 2021 Jan 2;46(4):794–802. doi: 10.1007/s10900-020-00944-3

Table 2.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for COVID-19

Characteristic or clinical outcome All (n = 1904) Low poverty (n = 1140) High poverty (n = 764) P value
Age (years ± SD) 65.8 (± 16.0) 66.8 (± 15.7) 62.3 (± 16.8) < 0.001
Age groups (years) < 0.001
 <40 151 (7.9) 68 (6.0) 83 (10.9)
 40–60 532 (27.9) 294 (25.8) 238 (31.1)
 >60 1221 (64.1) 778 (68.2) 443 (58.0)
Gender 0.115
 Male 1118 (58.7) 686 (60.2) 432 (56.5)
 Female 786 (41.3) 454 (39.8) 332 (43.5)
Race < 0.001
 Non-Hispanic white 459 (24.1) 345 (30.3) 114 (14.9)
 Non-Hispanic black 523 (27.5) 268 (23.5) 255 (33.4)
 Other 835 (43.9) 473 (41.5) 362 (47.4)
 Unknown 87 (4.6) 54 (4.7) 33 (4.3)
BMI > 30* 653 (36.6) 367 (34.7) 286 (39.3) 0.043
Comorbidities
 Asthma 218 (11.5) 113 (9.9) 105 (13.7) 0.010
 Prior VTE 83 (4.4) 38 (3.3) 45 (5.9) 0.007
 Chronic kidney disease 285 (15) 146 (12.8) 139 (18.2) 0.001
Hospital Course
 Clinical measures

  Mechanical ventilation

required

497 (26.1) 331 (29.0) 166 (21.7) < 0.001
  Bleeding event 30 (1.6) 15 (1.3) 15 (2.0) 0.266
  Overt thrombosis 47 (2.5) 30 (2.6) 17 (2.2) 0.575
  Renal replacement therapy 128 (6.7) 86 (7.5) 42 (5.5) 0.081
 Clinical outcomes
  Died 595 (31.3) 419 (36.7) 176 (23.0) < 0.001
  Alive at last follow up 1309 (68.7) 721 (63.3) 588 (77.0) < 0.001

 Mean time to death (days ±

SD)

10.2 (± 8.7) 9.8 (± 8.6) 11.2 (± 8.8) 0.066

 Mean length of follow up for

surviving patients (days ± SD)

21.38 (± 13.50) 20.87 (± 13.5) 22.01 (± 13.4) 0.125

Bold values indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05)

BMI body mass index, SD standard deviation, VTE venous thromboembolism

*118 patients had unknown or missing BMI data

Only comorbidities that were found to differ significantly between poverty groups in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 are reported. All other comorbidities reported in Table 1 were assessed and none found to be significant

Calculation of mean time to death included only patients who were deceased at the time of last follow up