Table 5.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of the four analytes in rats pre-treated with isoflavones for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after oral administration of GF extract (mean ± SD, n = 6).
| Group | Compounds | Cmax (ng/mL) | tmax (h) | t1/2 (h) | MRT (h) | AUC0→t (ng·h/mL) | AUC0→∞ (ng·h/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A: Isoflavones for 0 day | Shanzhiside | 45.65 ± 4.20 | 0.75 | 5.46 ± 1.06 | 3.31 ± 0.06 | 167.63 ± 9.83 | 260.88 ± 41.14 |
| Genipin 1-gentiobioside | 366.79 ± 53.34 | 0.75 | 8.90 ± 8.58 | 6.03 ± 1.37 | 1441.73 ± 511.48 | 1846.80 ± 1165.18 | |
| Geniposide | 3893.94 ± 84.72 | 1.00 | 5.64 ± 3.94 | 4.98 ± 0.51 | 18192.97 ± 2600.10 | 19281.55 ± 3343.57 | |
| Genipin | 1446.40 ± 281.83 | 1.10 ± 0.52 | 5.90 ± 7.17 | 3.64 ± 0.97 | 4296.24 ± 1871.57 | 4496.07 ± 2014.02 | |
| B: Isoflavones for 7 days | Shanzhiside | 43.90 ± 2.70 | 0.79 ± 0.10 | 2.20 ± 0.61 | 1.97 ± 0.35 | 101.96 ± 17.13 | 136.94 ± 19.99 |
| Genipin 1-gentiobioside | 291.99 ± 98.31 | 0.96 ± 0.29 | 6.23 ± 3.68 | 4.96 ± 0.85 | 1031.64 ± 259.00 | 1081.93 ± 271.64 | |
| Geniposide | 3172.45 ± 609.89 | 1.04 ± 0.49 | 5.20 ± 2.35 | 5.00 ± 0.52 | 14993.84 ± 5073.46 | 15797.05 ± 5627.01 | |
| Genipin | 709.26 ± 123.42 | 1.15 ± 0.49 | 3.75 ± 1.21 | 4.29 ± 0.44 | 3100.08 ± 859.70 | 3130.41 ± 843.56 | |
| C: Isoflavones for 14 days | Shanzhiside | 37.62 ± 1.66 | 0.75 | 1.83 ± 0.54 | 1.73 ± 0.06 | 79.16 ± 7.15 | 105.14 ± 17.07 |
| Genipin 1-gentiobioside | 276.65 ± 94.53 | 0.92 ± 0.54 | 5.50 ± 2.73 | 5.34 ± 0.49 | 968.14 ± 294.04 | 1007.46 ± 278.88 | |
| Geniposide | 2272.13 ± 624.74 | 1.29 ± 0.56 | 3.65 ± 1.29 | 4.93 ± 0.54 | 11380.85 ± 2452.48 | 11561.73 ± 2444.79 | |
| Genipin | 286.19 ± 70.88 | 1.35 ± 0.60 | 2.52 ± 1.14 | 3.82 ± 0.30 | 1140.00 ± 301.24 | 1144.55 ± 297.58 | |
| D: Isoflavones for 21 days | Shanzhiside | 30.80 ± 2.31 | 0.75 | 1.36 ± 0.50 | 1.39 ± 0.03 | 51.02 ± 3.32 | 68.30 ± 10.60 |
| Genipin 1-gentiobioside | 154.70 ± 53.99 | 1.00 ± 0.47 | 7.01 ± 2.74 | 6.07 ± 1.47 | 496.82 ± 139.39 | 746.96 ± 184.26 | |
| Geniposide | 2053.87 ± 194.63 | 0.88 ± 0.38 | 13.23 ± 6.80 | 3.44 ± 6.80 | 5123.81 ± 1115.61 | 5555.66 ± 906.72 | |
| Genipin | 236.78 ± 21.85 | 1.05 ± 0.27 | 4.28 ± 3.62 | 2.65 ± 0.30 | 648.32 ± 83.87 | 654.57 ± 76.64 | |
| E: Isoflavones for 28 days | Shanzhiside | 24.89 ± 4.34 | 0.75 | 2.25 ± 1.33 | 1.45 ± 0.02 | 44.04 ± 6.15 | 77.59 ± 27.68 |
| Genipin 1-gentiobioside | 84.46 ± 22.51 | 0.71 ± 0.10 | 14.62 ± 12.67 | 6.81 ± 1.37 | 224.49 ± 35.04 | 365.19 ± 152.19 | |
| Geniposide | 1150.46 ± 222.73 | 1.00 ± 0.52 | 8.75 ± 8.57 | 2.83 ± 0.82 | 2852.44 ± 711.99 | 2928.61 ± 653.48 | |
| Genipin | 113.70 ± 11.01 | 1.00 | 7.18 ± 3.53 | 4.24 ± 1.06 | 390.01 ± 81.56 | 415.66 ± 102.69 |