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. 2021 Jan 1;10:4. doi: 10.1038/s41377-020-00445-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Microresonator solitons are generated in a SiN resonator that is coarsely temperature controlled by a thermoelectric cooler (TEC). The pump laser is the first modulation sideband of a phase-modulated (PM) continuous-wave (cw) laser, and the sideband frequency can be rapidly tuned by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The frequencies of the cw laser and phase modulation are f_L and f_VCO, respectively. The pump laser is then amplified by an erbium-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA), and the amplified spontaneous emission noise is filtered out by a bandpass filter (BPF). At the output of the resonator, a fibre-Bragg grating filter is used to suppress the pump. The microresonator solitons are then amplified, dispersion compensated by a waveshaper (WS), and sent to the photodiode. The configuration also includes polarization controllers (PCs), variable optical attenuator (VOA), source metre (SM), and RF power metre (RF PM)