TABLE 1.
Participant demographics and global brain measures
| ASD (n = 92) | TD controls (n = 92) | Test statistic | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| χ 2/t | p | |||
| Age (years) | 26.71 ± 7.20 (18–48) | 28.38 ± 6.73 (18–52) | −1.62 | .11 |
| Sex (male/female) | 53/39 | 51/41 | 0.02 | .88 |
| Site (London/Cambridge) | 42/50 | 47/45 | 0.35 | .56 |
| Sex by site | ||||
| Male (London/Cambridge) | 29/24 | 30/21 | 0.05 | .82 |
| Female (London/Cambridge) | 13/26 | 17/24 | 0.27 | .60 |
| WASI (FSIQ) | 113.48 ± 12.89 (83–136) | 116.40 ± 10.39 (93–137) | −1.69 | .09 |
| ADI‐R Social Interaction | 17 ± 5 (9–28) | — | — | — |
| ADI‐R Communication | 13 ± 4 (7–24) | — | — | — |
| ADI‐R Repetitive Behavior | 5 ± 2 (1–10) | — | — | — |
| ADOS | 8 ± 5 (0–18) | — | — | — |
| Total brain volume (l) | 1.25 ± 0.14 (1.01–1.72) | 1.24 ± 0.12 (0.95–1.48) | 0.81 | .42 |
| Total cortical volume (l) | 0.78 ± 0.08 (0.62–1.06) | 0.76 ± 0.07 (0.61–0.90) | 1.21 | .23 |
| Total gray matter volume (l) | 0.60 ± 0.07 (0.48–0.83) | 0.60 ± 0.05 (0.47–0.71) | 1.29 | .20 |
| Total white matter volume (l) | 0.47 ± 0.06 (0.35–0.66) | 0.47 ± 0.06 (0.34–0.59) | 0.23 | .82 |
| Total surface area (m2) | 0.19 ± 0.02 (0.15–0.26) | 0.19 ± 0.02 (0.15–0.23) | 0.87 | .38 |
| Mean cortical thickness (mm) | 2.67 ± 0.09 (2.46–2.89) | 2.66 ± 0.08 (2.45–2.88) | 0.51 | .61 |
Note: Data expressed as mean ± SD (range).
Abbreviations: ADI‐R, Autism Diagnostic Interview‐Revised; ADOS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; ASD: autism spectrum disorder; TD: typically developing; FSIQ: full‐scale intelligence quotient; WASI, Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence.