Box 3, Figure 1.

Fructose generates triglycerides in the liver. Fructose enters the glycolysis pathway through conversion into fructose 1-phosphate by fructokinase. Subsequently, Aldolase B converts fructose 1-phosphate into glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. A major regulatory step in glycolysis is PFK1, which is bypassed by fructose's entry into glycolysis. Thus, if the liver has met its energetic needs, it converts excess fructose into glyceraldehyde, which is converted into glycerol 3-phosphate, a precursor for triglycerides. Fructose also generates dihydroxyacetone phosphate, which can become glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and, eventually, go through glycolysis and into the mitochondrial TCA cycle. The excess citrate generated is exported to cytosol to generate fatty acids, another precursor to triglycerides.