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. 2021 Jan 1;35(1-2):133–146. doi: 10.1101/gad.344556.120

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Adipocyte JNK promotes insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. (A) The blood concentration of insulin, IL6, and leptin was measured by ELISA using ND-fed and HFD-fed (16 wk) ADWT and ADKO mice (mean ± SEM; n = 7∼8). (*) P < 0.05. (B) Pancreatic sections prepared from ND-fed and HFD-fed (16 wk) ADWT and ADKO mice were stained with DAPI and antibodies to insulin and glucagon. Scale bar, 150 µm. Islet area was measured (mean ± SEM; n = 6∼8). (***) P < 0.001. (C,D) Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was measured using ND-fed and HFD-fed (16 wk) ADWT and ADKO mice (mean ± SEM; n = 7∼8). (*) P < 0.05, (**) P < 0.01, (***) P < 0.001. (E–K) Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies were performed using ND-fed and HFD-fed (8 wk) ADWT and ADKO mice to measure glucose infusion rate, glycogen synthesis, nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) suppression, whole body glycerol turnover, whole body palmitate turnover, whole body glucose uptake, and glucose uptake by EpiF and gastrocnemius muscle (mean ± SEM; n = 5∼7). (*) P < 0.05, (**) P < 0.01, (***) P < 0.001.