Table 1.
Population characteristics.
| Overall population (no. 190) | |
|---|---|
| AGE - median (IQR) – years | 62 (49-73) |
| ≤65 years old – no. (%) | 115 (61) |
| 66-75 years old – no. (%) | 35 (18) |
| >75 years old – no. (%) | 40 (21) |
| SEX: MALE – no. (%) | 112 (59) |
| COEXISTING CONDITIONS - n (%) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) – median (IQR) | 1 (0-4) |
| CCI 0 – no. (%) | 69 (36) |
| CCI 1-2 – no. (%) | 51 (27) |
| CCI 3-11 – no. (%) | 70 (37) |
| Hypertension | 63 (33) |
| CAD | 14 (7) |
| Diabetes | 25 (14) |
| Active cancer | 6 (3) |
| Obesity BMI > 30 Kg/m2 | 20 (14) |
| BMI > 25; ≤ 30 Kg/m2 | 53 (36) |
| Pre-existing pulmonary disease | 20 (11) |
| PRESENTING SYMPTOMS – no. (%) | |
| Fever | 170 (89) |
| Dyspnoea | 77 (41) |
| Cough | 108 (57) |
| Arthralgia/myalgia | 7 (4) |
| Headache | 9 (5) |
| Fatigue | 21 (11) |
| DAYS FROM SYMPTOMS ONSET TO HOSPITAL ADMISSION - median (IQR) | 8 (5-12) |
| LABORATORY FINDINGS AT ADMISSION - median (IQR) | |
| White-cell count (× 10 9 /liter) | 6000 (4775-8018) |
| Neutrophil count (× 10 9/liter) | 4250 (2772-6550) |
| Lymphocyte count (× 10 9/liter) | 1185 (830-1534) |
| CRP (mg/L) | 62 (19-141) |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/liter) | 284 (218-383) |
| D-dimer (ng/L) | 676 (335-1215) |
| IL-6 (ng/L) | 27 (13-68) |
| P/F categories (mmHg) – no. (%) | |
| ≤200 | 36 (19) |
| 200-300 | 30 (16) |
| >300 | 120 (65) |
| P/F at admission (mmHg) – median (IQR) | 343 (230-380) |
| CLINICAL FEATURES | |
| NEWS at admission - median (IQR) | 3 (2-5) |
| Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg at admission - no. (%) | 3 (1.6) |
| Respiratory rate > 24 at admission - no. (%) | 36 (18.9) |
| Fever > 38°C at admission - no. (%) | 22 (11.6) |
| Oxygen therapy at admission - no. (%) | 123 (64.7) |
| RADIOLOGICAL FINDINGS - no. (%) | |
| Interstitial involvement/consolidation | 157 (84.0) |
| Bilateral involvement | 112 (59.9) |
| OUTCOME - no. (%) | |
| Death or transfer to ICU | 25 (13.2) |
| Death | 19 (10) |
| Transfer to ICU | 10 (5.3) |
| CPAP | 53 (27.9) |
| CPAP, no death nor ICU | 36 (18.9) |
| No death or transfer to ICU, nor CPAP | 129 (67.9) |
| LENGTH OF HOSPITAL STAY (days) – median (IQR) | 12 (7-20) |
IQR=Interquartile Range; CAD=Coronary Artery Disease; BMI=Body Mass Index; CRP=C-Reactive Protein; IL-6=Interleukin 6; P/F=arterial oxygen partial pressure/fractional inspired oxygen ratio; NEWS=national early warning score; ICU=intensive care unit; CPAP=continuous positive air pressure.