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. 2021 Jan 2;22(6):2703–2720. doi: 10.1007/s10902-020-00337-2

Table 2.

Results of the multi-level analyses for well-being

Fixed Random
Coeff. B [CI] SE t Coeff. SD
Intercept β00 69.06 [67.20, 70.91] 0.95 73.0*** r0i 15.22
Within-person
Loneliness β10 −5.41 [−6.20, −4.61] 0.41 −13.3*** r1i 5.16
Screen-time β20 −0.31 [−0.53, −0.10] 0.11 −2.9** r2i 1.12
Indoors versus outdoors β30 3.58 [2.76, 4.40] 0.42 8.6*** r3i 3.41
Loneliness*screen-time β40 −0.01 [−0.16, 0.18] 0.09 0.2 r4i 0.42
Loneliness*Indoors vs. outdoors β50 1.62 [0.69, 2.54] 0.47 3.4*** r5i 3.49
Between-person
Age β01 0.12 [−0.01, 0.24] 0.06 1.8a

R2conditional = 66%, R2marginal = 7%, AIC = 75,979, BIC = 76,187

Loneliness was standardised. Reference category for outdoors was ‘indoors’.

*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001, a p < .10