Table 5.
Effect of fermented red bean extract (NRBE) on serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein–1 (MCP-1) in kidneys of diabetic rats.
| Group | NC | DC | L | M | H |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRP (ng/mL) | 30.6 ± 1.6 | 42.0 ± 0.9*a | 39.5 ± 4.2ab | 32.7 ± 3.1b | 34.7 ± 2.0a |
| IL-6 (pg/mg protein) | 11.16 ± 1.14 | 27.94 ± 3.65*a | 14.40 ± 2.84b | 20.43 ± 8.22a | 22.73 ± 2.79a |
| TNF-α (pg/mg protein) | 3.43 ± 0.12 | 6.41 ± 0.59*a | 5.85 ± 0.65a | 3.93 ± 0.56b | 5.76 ± 0.91a |
| MCP-1 (μg/mg protein) | 1.63 ± 0.28 | 4.22 ± 1.06*a | 2.79 ± 0.43a | 1.47 ± 0.28b | 2.76 ± 0.61a |
1Values are mean ± SEM, 8 rats per group.
2NC: normal control, DC: diabetic control, L: diabetes with low dose of NRBE (100 mg/kg BW), M: diabetes with medium dose of NRBE (200 mg/kg BW), H: diabetes with high dose of NRBE (500 mg/kg BW).
*
Significantly different with NC at p < 0.05.
a~b
Means not sharing a common superscript in the same row are significantly different at p < 0.05.