Figure 2.

Major sites of absorption, pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and elimination in TKI therapy. Abbreviations: TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor; MRPs, multidrug resistance protein drug transporters; P-gp, P-glycoprotein; CYPs, cytochrome P450 enzymes. *With increasing stomach pH the bioavailability of TKIs decreases. †Protein-bound molecules are not available to exert pharmacological effects. ‡Shows the association between CYPs and drug transporters in TKI absorption or metabolism. Adapted from Van Leeuwen et al. ⁷¹ with publisher´s permission (license no. 4802950894525).