Table 1.

Clinical trials of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, current as of October 19, 2020

Name of vaccine	Type of vaccine	Stage of clinical trial	Identifier	Developer/manufacturer
Sinovac	Inactivated	Phase 3	NCT04582344	Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd./Butantan Institute/Health Institutes of Turkey.
		Phase 3	NCT04456595
		Phase 3	INA-WXFM0YX
		Phase 1/2	NCT04551547
		Phase 1/2	NCT04352608
		Phase 1/2	NCT04383574
COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cells)	Inactivated	Phase 3	ChiCTR2000039000	Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd./Sinopharm,
		Phase 3	ChiCTR2000034780
		Phase 1/2	ChiCTR2000031809
		Phase 3	NCT04560881	Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd.
		Phase 1/2	ChiCTR2000032459
NVX-CoV2373/SARS-CoV-2 rS/Matrix-M1 Adjuvant	Recombinant S protein subunit with matrix-M adjuvant	Phase 3	EudraCT 2020-004123-16	Novavax
		Phase 3	NCT04611802
		Phase 2	NCT04533399
		Phase 1	NCT04368988
mRNA-1273	Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA	Phase 3	NCT04470427	Moderna TX, Inc./National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
		Phase 2	NCT04405076
		Phase 1	NCT04283461
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222	Non-replicating adenovirus vectored	Phase 3	NCT04540393	University of Oxford/Astra Zeneca/Serum Institute of India
		Phase 3	NCT04516746
		Phase 3	ISRCTN89951424
		Phase 2/3	CTRI/2020/08/027170
		Phase 2/3	NCT04400838
		Phase 2/3	EudraCT 2020-001228-32
		Phase 1/2	NCT04324606
		Phase 1/2	EudraCT 2020-001072-15
		Phase 1/2	PACTR202006922165132
		Phase 1/2	NCT04444674	University of Witwatersrand, South Africa
Ad26.COV2.S	Non-replicating adenovirus 26 vectored	Phase 3	NCT04505722	Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V.
		Phase 1/2	NCT04436276
Ad5-nCoV	Non-replicating adenovirus type 5 vectored	Phase 3	NCT04540419	Insitute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, PLA of China/CanSino Biologics Inc.
		Phase 3	NCT04526990
		Phase 2	NCT04566770
		Phase 2	ChiCTR2000031781
		Phase 2	NCT04341389
		Phase 1/2	NCT04398147
		Phase 1	ChiCTR2000030906
		Phase 1	NCT04552366
		Phase 1	NCT04313127
Gam-COVID-Vac	Non-replicating adenovirus 5 and 26 vectored	Phase 3	NCT04564716	Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Health Ministry of the Russian Federation.
		Phase 3	NCT04530396
		Phase 2	NCT04587219
		Phase 1/2	NCT04436471
		Phase 1/2	NCT04437875
BNT162a, BNT162b	Nucleoside-modified mRNA	Phase 2/3	NCT04368728	BioNTech/Fosun Pharma/Pfizer
		Phase 1/2	NCT04537949
		Phase 1/2	EudraCT 2020-001038-36
		Phase 1/2	NCT04380701
		Phase 1	ChiCTR2000034825
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cells)	Inactivated	Phase 2	ChiCTR2000039462	Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., Ltd./Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
		Phase 1	ChiCTR2000038804
2019-nCOV vaccine	Non-replicating adenovirus vectored	Phase 2	ChiCTR2000031781	Insitute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, PLA of China
		Phase 1	ChiCTR2000030906
Vaccine (CHO cell)	Recombinant RBD protein subunit	Phase 2	NCT04466085	Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biologic Pharmacy Co., Ltd.
		Phase 1/2	NCT04550351
		Phase 1	NCT04445194
CVnCoV	mRNA	Phase 2	NCT04515147	CureVac AG
		Phase 1	NCT04449276
INO-4800	DNA plasmid	Phase 1/2	NCT04447781	Inovio Pharmaceuticals/International Vaccine Institute
		Phase 1	NCT04336410
nCov vaccine	DNA plasmid	Phase 1/2	CTRI/2020/07/026352	Cadila Healthcare Ltd.
GX-19	DNA	Phase 1/2	NCT04445389	Genexine, Inc.
AG0301-COVID19	DNA plasmid	Phase 1/2	NCT04527081	AnGes, Inc.
		Phase 1/2	NCT04463472
BBV152	Whole virion inactivated	Phase 1/2	CTRI/2020/09/027674	Bharat Biotech International Ltd.
		Phase 1/2	CTRI/2020/07/026300
		Phase 1/2	NCT04471519
no name	Inactivated	Phase 1/2	NCT04470609	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
		Phase 1/2	NCT04412538
QazCovid-in	Inactivated	Phase 1/2	NCT04530357	Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems
V-SARS	Pill vaccine from heat-inactivated plasma of donors with COVID-19	Phase 1/2	NCT04380532	Immunitor LLC
AV-COVID-19	Autologous dendritic cells loaded with antigens from SARS-CoV-2	Phase 1/2	NCT04386252	Aivita Biomedical, Inc.
EpiVacCorona	Protein subunit	Phase 1/2	NCT04527575	Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”.
no name	Protein subunit	Phase 1/2	NCT04537208	Sanofi Pasteur/GlaxoSmithKline
KBP-COVID-19	RBD protein subunit	Phase 1/2	NCT04473690	Kentucky BioProcessing, Inc.
FINLAY-FR-1	RBD protein subunit	Phase 1/2	IFV/COR/04	Finlay Vaccine Institute
RBD SARS-CoV-2 HBsAg VLP	VLP	Phase 1/2	ACTRN12620000817943	Serum Institute of India
ARCT-021	Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mRNA	Phase 1/2	NCT04480957	Arcturus Therapeutics, Inc.
AlloStim	Bioengineered allogeneic cellular vaccine derived from healthy blood donors	Phase 1/2	NCT04441047	Immunovative Therapies, Ltd.
LV-SMENP-DC	Minigenes engineered based on multiple viral genes, lentiviral vectored (NHP/TYF)	Phase 1/2	NCT04276896	Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute
rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S/IIBR-100	Replicating viral VSV vectored	Phase 1/2	NCT04608305	Israel Institute for Biological Research
Pathogen-specific aAPC	Minigenes engineered based on multiple viral genes, lentiviral vectored (NHP/TYF)	Phase 1	NCT04299724	Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute
GRAd-COV2	Non-replicating defective Simian adenovirus vectored	Phase 1	NCT04528641	ReiThera Srl
hAd5-S-Fusion+N-ETSD	Non-replicating adenovirus Ad5 vectored	Phase 1	NCT04591717	ImmunityBio, Inc.
VXA-CoV2-1	Non-replicating adenovirus Ad5 vectored	Phase 1	NCT04563702	Vaxart
MVA-SARS-2-S	Non-replicating modified vaccinia virus Ankara vectored	Phase 1	NCT04569383	Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1	Replicating intranasal based-RBD flu vectored	Phase 1	ChiCTR2000037782	Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy
TMV-083	Replicating measles-vector based	Phase 1	NCT04497298	Institut Pasteur/Themis Bioscience/Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations
V590	Replicating VSV-vector based	Phase 1	NCT04569786	Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.
no name	mRNA	Phase 1	ChiCTR2000039212	Yunnan Walvax Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
		Phase 1	ChiCTR2000034112
LNP-nCoVsaRNA	Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-RNA	Phase 1	ISRCTN17072692	Imperial College London
no name	Recombinant chimeric DC vaccine	Phase 1	ChiCTR2000030750	Shenzhen Third People's Hospital
pVAC	Protein subunit	Phase 1	NCT04546841	University Hospital Tuebingen
UB-612	RBD protein subunit	Phase 1	NCT04545749	United Biomedical Inc./COVAXX
Recombinant vaccine (Sf9)	RBD protein subunit	Phase 1	ChiCTR2000037518	West China Hospital, Sichuan University
SCB-2019	Trimeric spike protein subunit	Phase 1	NCT04405908	Clover Biopharmaceuticals AUS Pty Ltd
Covax-19	Recombinant spike protein subunit with Advax-SM adjuvant	Phase 1	NCT04428073	GeneCure Biotechnologies
		Phase 1	NCT04453852	Vaxine Pty Ltd
no name	Spike protein subunit with MF59 adjuvant	Phase 1	ISRCTN51232965	University of Queensland
			ACTRN12620000674932
MVC-COV1901	S protein subunit	Phase 1	NCT04487210	Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corp.
no name	Plant-derived coronavirus-like particle (VLP)	Phase 1	NCT04450004	Medicago
bacTRL-Spike	Live Bifidobacterium longum, engineered to deliver DNA plasmids	Phase 1	NCT04334980	Symvivo Corporation
no name	Nucleocapsid-GM-CSF protein lactated Ringer's injection	Early Phase 1	NCT03305341, NCT03348670	Han Xu, Sponsor-Investigator, IRB Chair, Medicine Invention Design, Inc.

Data obtained from clinical trial registries of the European Union ⁴, India ⁵, China ⁶, Australia and New Zealand ⁷, Clinical Trials of US National Library of Medicine ⁸, Pan African Clinical Trials Registry ⁹, Cuban Registry of Clinical Trials ¹⁰, Indonesia Registry ¹¹, and ISRCTN ¹².