Table 4.

Factors that increase the risk of alcohol use disorder in tuberculosis patients

Factors that increase the risk of AUD in tuberculosis patients	Factors that are protective of AUD in tuberculosis patients
❖ Socio-demographic factors Male gender [11, 12, 25, 36, 48] Age older than 35 years [12] Being single, divorced or widowed [12, 13] Being unemployed [13] Being black American [36] Coloured ethnicity [48] Low level of education [12, 48] No educational background [11] Low level of income (<70US$ per month) [12] and poverty [48]	❖ Socio-demographic factors 41 to 54 years of age [44] Higher educational achievement and marital relationship [12, 44] Female gender [12]
❖ Clinical and tuberculosis related factors Being on category-II tuberculosis treatment(relapse and treatment failure) [12] TB retreatment patient status and non-adherence to anti-TB medication [48] Patients with chronic/relapsing form of tuberculosis [37] Patients with perceived TB stigma [11] Patients who feel ashamed of having TB [11] People close to you would avoid you because of TB [11] HIV-co-infection and low HIV CD4-count [11] Having cavitary lesions on chest radiographic examination [36] Smear positive and culture positive types of TB [36]	❖ Clinical and tuberculosis related factors Tuberculosis treatment category I and III [12] Having extra pulmonary TB as compared to Pulmonary of mixed type of TB [36] Good tuberculosis medication adherence [48]
❖ Substance related variables Current tobacco use [44]

Key: HIV Human Immune Virus, TB Tuberculosis