Table 3.
Clinical characteristics and comparison between survivors and non-survivors
| Patients (N = 140) | Non-survivors (N = 51) | Survivors (N = 89) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age—year (IQR) | 61 (57–67) | 64 (58–70) | 60 (55–65) | 0.006 |
| Sex—male | 108 (77%) | 41 (80%) | 67 (75%) | 0.48 |
| Body mass index (IQR) | 30.4 (26–32) | 29.8 (26–32) | 30.7 (26–32) | 0.52 |
| APACHE II (IQR) | 14 (10–17) | 15.9 (13–19) | 12.9 (9–16) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 60 (42%) | 25 (49%) | 39 (43%) | 0.9 |
| Chronic ischemic heart disease | 20 (14%) | 9 (17%) | 11 (12%) | 0.39 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 10 (7%) | 5 (10%) | 8 (9%) | 0.9 |
| Diabetes | 28 (20%) | 9 (17%) | 19 (21%) | 0.59 |
| ICU length of hospitalization—median (IQR), days | 14 (8–17) | 18 (11–21) | 13 (7–16) | < 0.001 |
| Severe ARDS at ICU admission | 83 (59%) | 40 (78%) | 43 (48%) | < 0.001 |
| Steroids | 127 (90%) | 49 (95%) | 78 (87%) | 0.09 |
| Tocilizumab | 96 (68%) | 38 (74%) | 58 (65%) | 0.25 |
| Nosocomial infection in the ICU | 57 (40.7%) | 31 (60%) | 26 (29%) | < 0.001 |
| Septic shock | 38 (27%) | 23 (45%) | 15 (17%) | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as number and %, unless otherwise indicated. The most commonly used steroid dose regimen was methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/die (average duration 10 days). IQR interquartile range, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, ICU intensive care unit