Table 2.
Disease occurrence stratified by selected characteristics and results of logistic regression analysis of the effects of independent variables
| Predictor variables | Disease occurrence | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) |
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Yes (%) | |||||
| Region | Tigray | 108 | 90(83.33) | 1.15(0.57–2.32) | 0.29(0.04–2.19) | 0.229 |
| Amhara | 163 | 137(84.05) | 1.21(0.64–2.30) | 0.37(0.05–2.47) | 0.303 | |
| Oromia | 107 | 87(81.31) | 1.92(0.72–0.09) | 0.37(0.04–3.42) | 0.381 | |
| Addis Ababa | 56 | 50(89.29) | 4.06(1.56–10.56) | 0.96(0.15–6.05) | 0.968 | |
| SNNP | 112 | 106(94.64) | ref | Ref | - | |
| District | Mereb leke | 56 | 48(85.71) | 2.31(0.89–6.01) | 2.90(0.45–18.68) | 0.262 |
| Sahrti Samre | 52 | 42(80.77) | 1.62(0.65–4.02) | - | - | |
| Gondar Zuria | 57 | 49(85.96) | 2.36(0.91–6.13) | 1.31(0.23–7.50) | 0.764 | |
| Banja Shekudad | 52 | 49(94.23) | 1.96(0.25–15.43) | 1.96(0.25–15.43) | 0.519 | |
| Kalu | 54 | 39(72.22) | ref | Ref | - | |
| Bako | 54 | 42(77.78) | 1.35(0.56–3.23) | - | - | |
| Adami Tulu | 53 | 45(84.91) | 2.16(0.83–5.65) | 7.16(0.60–85.25) | 0.119 | |
| Nifasilk Lafto | 56 | 50(89.29) | 3.21(1.14–9.03) | - | - | |
| Bolose Sore | 56 | 51(91.07) | 3.92(1.31–11.72) | - | - | |
| Dara | 56 | 55(98.21) | 21.15(2.68–66.87) | - | - | |
| Flock size | ≤ 5 chickens | 150 | 139(92.67) | 2.79(1.24–6.26) | 1.30(0.22–7.72) | 0.772 |
| 6–10 chickens | 151 | 130(86.09) | 1.37(0.68–2.75) | 0.86 (0.19–3.96) | 0.849 | |
| 11–20chickens | 132 | 106(80.30) | 0.90(0.45–1.77) | 1.64 (0.41–6.67) | 0.484 | |
| > 20 chickens | 94 | 77(81.91) | ref | Ref | - | |
| Access to disease diagnosis | Yes | 209 | 194(92.82) | 2.22(1.20–4.10) | 4.16(1.57–11.00) | 0.004 |
| No | 307 | 262(85.34) | ref | ref | ||
| Diagnosis made by | Animal health expert | 123 | 118(95.93) | 4.81(1.85–12.47) | 10.50(2.83–38.96) | 0.001 |
| Non-animal health experts | 254 | 211(83.07) | ref | Ref | ||
| Access to treatment | Yes | 219 | 180(82.19) | 5.54(3.31–9.28) | 1.81(0.66–4.93) | 0.248 |
| No | 280 | 255(91.07) | ref | Ref | ||
| Effectiveness of treatment given | Good effectiveness | 158 | 127(80.38) | ref | Ref | - |
| Fairly effective | 266 | 236(88.72) | 2.60(1.03–6.56) | 2.39(0.54–10.53) | 0.250 | |
| Not/Ineffective | 70 | 64(91.43) | 1.92(1.11–3.32) | 2.34(0.83–6.63) | 0.110 | |
| Types of chicken vaccinators | Animal health expert | 219 | 180(82.19) | ref | Ref | 0.009 |
| Non-animal health experts | 280 | 255(91.07) | 2.21(1.29–3.78) | 3.50(1.37–8.97) | ||