Figure 1.

Cold stress that causes injury also causes activation of caspase-3-like activity in the muscles of locusts. Prolonged exposure to −2°C gradually (a) increased the time needed for locusts to assume a standing position in both females (squares) and males (triangles) and (b) reduced the survival outcome after recovery at a permissive temperature. (c) During this cold exposure, caspase-3-like was increased in muscle tissue (orange, solid line) but remained the same in midgut (brown, dashed line) and nervous tissue (blue, dotted line). (d) Lethal heat exposure was used as a positive control and resulted in caspase-3-like activation in muscle and nervous tissue, while caspase-3-like activity decreased in the midgut. Individual data points are represented by small, empty symbols. Error bars not visible (for c,d) are occluded by the symbols. (Online version in colour.)