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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2020 Jul 18;85(2):e13297. doi: 10.1111/aji.13297

Figure 2: Extracellular Vesicle production and effects in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.

Figure 2:

In normal pregnancy, placental derived EVs function in regulation of maternal immune response, inflammation and oxidative stress. Pathological triggers resulting in changes in placental vesicle production and cargo, including excess aggregated proteins, results excessive inflammation, altered trophoblast function and defective spinal artery remodeling, resulting in the preeclamptic condition.