Table 2.
Integration of CBSST and CCT by Content Area
| CBSST | CCT | |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Training Module: 8 sessions | ||
| CCT domains and strategies: | ||
| Calendar use; to-do lists; prioritizing tasks; linking tasks by using planned cues; automatic places; using routines to automate tasks | ||
| Eye contact, paraphrasing, asking questions during conversations; taking breaks to refocus | ||
| Taking notes; paraphrasing and association; chunking; categorization; acronyms; visual imagery; overlearning | ||
| Cognitive Skills Module: 5 sessions | ||
| Introduce the general concepts of CBT, including the relationship between thoughts, actions and feelings, automatic thoughts, thought challenging by examining evidence for beliefs, and mistakes in thinking; Address symptoms and challenge defeatist beliefs that interfere with real-world skills execution; Help participants learn and remember to use their CBT skills | ||
| Social Skills Module: 6 sessions | ||
| Improve: (1) communication skills and psychosocial interactions (e.g., asking someone for support) via behavioral role plays; (2) expression of positive and negative feelings, making requests, comfort with sharing feelings, and communicating assertively; and (3) self-efficacy and defeatist performance beliefs | Teach and reinforce conversational attention skills (e.g., listening actively, eliminating distractions, asking questions, and paraphrasing [LEAP]) to improve cognitive aspects of communication and social communication | |
| Problem Solving Skills Module: 6 sessions | ||
| Improve basic problem-solving skills; Help participants develop plans to solve real-world problems and improve illness self-management; Behavioral activation to improve negative symptoms; Develop confidence in effective problem-solving | Teach cognitive flexibility and planning strategies in addition to problem-solving (CBSST and CCT use a very similar problem-solving strategy already); Using self-talk and self-monitoring while problem-solving; Hypothesis testing using pro and con evidence; Reinforce cognitive flexibility strategies to help participants realize when they should try a different strategy to achieve their goals; Use repetition and practice of executive skills to increase confidence | |