Table 2.
The value of AFP, DCP, and their combination in diagnosing early-stage HBV-related HCC.
| Items | Cutoff | AUC (95% CI) | Sen (%) | Spe (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | +LR | −LR | Youden index (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early-stage HCC vs. LC, CHB | |||||||||
| AFP (ng/mL) | 5 | 0.794 (0.727 to 0.861) | 65.9 | 88.4 | 95.8 | 79.9 | 5.7 | 0.39 | 54.3 |
| DCP (mAU/mL) | 44 | 0.747 (0.674 to 0.821) | 55.7 | 94.6 | 95.0 | 75.4 | 10.3 | 0.47 | 50.3 |
| AFP + DCP | 0.46 | 0.804 (0.739 to 0.870) | 60.2 | 92.9 | 95.4 | 77.3 | 8.5 | 0.43 | 53.1 |
| Early-stage LC-HCC vs. LC | |||||||||
| AFP (ng/mL) | 11.6 | 0.776 (0.687 to 0.865) | 56.4 | 96.9 | 95.8 | 72.3 | 18.2 | 0.45 | 53.2 |
| DCP (mAU/mL) | 38.0 | 0.758 (0.665 to 0.850) | 63.6 | 89.1 | 96.3 | 75.8 | 5.8 | 0.41 | 52.7 |
| AFP+DCP | 0.58 | 0.786 (0.698 to 0.873) | 56.4 | 100 | 95.8 | 72.3 | NA | 0.44 | 56.4 |
| Early-stage CHB-HCC vs. CHB | |||||||||
| AFP (ng/mL) | 4.7 | 0.828 (0.722 to 0.934) | 66.7 | 97.9 | 95.6 | 81.0 | 31.7 | 0.34 | 64.6 |
| DCP (mAU/mL) | 44 | 0.731 (0.611 to 0.851) | 48.5 | 97.9 | 94.1 | 73.4 | 23.1 | 0.53 | 46.4 |
| AFP+DCP | 0.34 | 0.862 (0.767 to 0.958) | 75.8 | 93.8 | 89.4 | 84.9 | 12.2 | 0.26 | 69.5 |
AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; DCP, des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin; HPB, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; LC, liver cirrhosis; CHB, chronic hepatitis B virus infection; AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; Sen, sensitivity; Spe, specificity; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; +LR, positive likelihood ratio; −LR, negative likelihood ratio; NA, not available, could not calculate.