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. 2021 Jan 4;13:2. doi: 10.1186/s13195-020-00713-3

Table 3.

T-tau and p-tau subgroup comparisons on baseline characteristics

Biomarker: platform Cohort Characteristic Cognitive state Subgroup 1 Subgroup 2 Subgroup 3 Subgroup 4 p value 1 vs 2 p value 1 vs 3 p value 1 vs 4 p value 2 vs 3 p value 2 vs 4 p value 3 vs 4
T-tau: Innotest ADC  N  All 1043 859 632 93  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.
T-tau pg/ml cutoffs All ≤ 349 350–671 672–1380 > 1380 n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
N (%) NC 576 (78%) 135 (18%) 24 (3%) 5 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
MCI 262 (44%) 207 (35%) 118 (20%) 4 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
AD dementia 205 (16%) 517 (40%) 490 (38%) 84 (6%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
Abnormal ab42, n (%) NC 57 (9.9%) 47 (34.8%) 16 (66.7%) 4 (80%) 2.71E−12 6.49E−15 7.84E−05 4.00E−02 6.73E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 74 (28.2%) 140 (67.6%) 108 (91.5%) 4 (100%) 2.45E−16 6.64E−29 6.01E−02 1.31E−05 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 146 (71.2%) 472 (91.3%) 474 (96.7%) 81 (96.4%) 5.86E−11 1.08E−21 2.76E−05 2.96E−03 9.83E−01 9.90E−01
MMSE, mean ± SD NC 28.2 ± 1.8 28.2 ± 1.6 27.4 ± 2.1 27.8 ± 1.9 1.00E+00 1.34E−01 9.65E−01 1.61E−01 9.62E−01 9.62E−01
MCI 26.7 ± 2.4 26.6 ± 2.2 25.9 ± 2.8 25.2 ± 2.6 9.85E−01 2.53E−02 6.41E−01 7.27E−02 6.84E−01 9.47E−01
AD dementia 21.3 ± 4.6 20.8 ± 5 20.2 ± 5.1 18.8 ± 5.1 5.53E−01 3.94E−02 7.13E−04 2.82E−01 5.16E−03 8.41E−02
Age, mean ± SD NC 58.2 ± 8.5 64.2 ± 8 66.1 ± 9.7 65.8 ± 11.7 0.00E+00 4.83E−05 1.86E−01 7.42E−01 9.75E−01 1.00E+00
MCI 64 ± 8.4 67.9 ± 7.6 69.1 ± 7.1 69.9 ± 12 1.24E−06 5.96E−08 4.54E−01 5.28E−01 9.58E−01 9.97E−01
AD dementia 66.5 ± 8 66.5 ± 7.9 65.7 ± 8.3 65.7 ± 8.1 1.00E+00 6.10E−01 8.52E−01 3.68E−01 8.11E−01 1.00E+00
Female, n (%) NC 234 (40.6%) 57 (42.2%) 11 (45.8%) 4 (80%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 65 (24.8%) 83 (40.1%) 67 (56.8%) 2 (50%) 3.53E−03 1.71E−08 9.90E−01 3.21E−02 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 81 (39.5%) 263 (50.9%) 277 (56.5%) 53 (63.1%) 4.51E−02 3.63E−04 2.58E−03 4.94E−01 2.98E−01 9.90E−01
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) NC 183 (33.1%) 58 (45%) 15 (62.5%) 2 (40%) 8.88E−02 3.56E−02 9.90E−01 1.00E+00 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 92 (36.9%) 115 (59.6%) 77 (75.5%) 3 (75%) 2.15E−05 6.98E−10 9.90E−01 5.64E−02 1.00E+00 9.90E−01
AD dementia 113 (58.9%) 313 (65.3%) 310 (67.5%) 55 (67.1%) 8.18E−01 2.55E−01 9.90E−01 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 9.90E−01
T-tau: Luminex ADNI  N  All 335 468 310 108  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.
T-tau pg/ml cutoffs All ≤ 54 55–95 96–171 > 171 s n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
N (%) NC 154 (42%) 151 (41%) 63 (17%) 3 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
MCI 168 (27%) 249 (40%) 146 (23%) 59 (9%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
AD dementia 13 (6%) 68 (30%) 101 (44%) 46 (20%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
Abnormal ab42, n (%) NC 54 (35.1%) 55 (36.4%) 45 (71.4%) 2 (66.7%) 9.90E−01 1.34E−05 9.90E−01 3.58E−05 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 53 (31.5%) 155 (62.2%) 138 (94.5%) 57 (96.6%) 8.68E−09 9.22E−29 1.73E−16 2.12E−11 4.08E−06 9.90E−01
AD dementia 9 (69.2%) 59 (86.8%) 97 (96%) 45 (97.8%) 9.90E−01 1.70E−02 4.10E−02 3.26E−01 5.23E−01 9.90E−01
MMSE, mean ± SD NC 29.1 ± 1.2 29 ± 1 29.1 ± 1.4 29 ± 1 9.87E−01 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 9.97E−01 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
MCI 28.3 ± 1.6 27.8 ± 1.8 27.3 ± 1.8 26.8 ± 1.9 2.27E−02 1.41E−05 6.60E−07 7.24E−02 1.66E−03 2.86E−01
AD dementia 24.4 ± 1.3 23.6 ± 2 23 ± 2 23.3 ± 2 5.75E−01 1.02E−01 2.87E−01 2.60E−01 8.11E−01 9.11E−01
Age, mean ± SD NC 72.5 ± 5.6 74 ± 5.8 76.3 ± 6.2 74.1 ± 3.4 9.69E−02 5.53E−05 9.64E−01 3.49E−02 1.00E+00 9.10E−01
MCI 70.7 ± 7.5 72.6 ± 7.6 73.7 ± 7.4 73.3 ± 7 5.69E−02 2.46E−03 1.15E−01 4.89E−01 9.34E−01 9.78E−01
AD dementia 78.4 ± 6.6 75.6 ± 8.7 75.1 ± 7.5 72.2 ± 8.6 6.66E−01 4.98E−01 6.62E−02 9.72E−01 1.08E−01 1.73E−01
Female, n (%) NC 81 (52.6%) 78 (51.7%) 33 (52.4%) 3 (100%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 68 (40.5%) 89 (35.7%) 64 (43.8%) 34 (57.6%) 1.00E+00 9.90E−01 2.01E−01 8.23E−01 1.98E−02 6.12E−01
AD dementia 3 (23.1%) 18 (26.5%) 45 (44.6%) 29 (63%) 1.00E+00 9.90E−01 1.51E−01 1.58E−01 1.30E−03 3.44E−01
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) NC 32 (20.8%) 44 (29.1%) 26 (41.3%) 1 (33.3%) 7.19E−01 2.05E−02 9.90E−01 7.07E−01 1.00E+00 9.90E−01
MCI 43 (25.6%) 117 (47%) 103 (70.5%) 44 (74.6%) 1.01E−04 2.45E−14 4.77E−10 5.27E−05 1.46E−03 9.90E−01
AD dementia 7 (53.8%) 43 (63.2%) 75 (74.3%) 29 (63%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 1.00E+00 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
T-tau: Elecsys ADNI  N  All 291 495 332 75  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.
T-tau pg/ml cutoffs All ≤ 192 193–311 312–514 > 514 n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
N (%) NC 126 (35%) 164 (45%) 69 (19%) 4 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
MCI 152 (25%) 258 (42%) 157 (26%) 41 (7%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
AD dementia 13 (6%) 73 (33%) 106 (48%) 30 (14%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
Abnormal ab42, n (%) NC 40 (31.7%) 67 (40.9%) 40 (58%) 3 (75%) 8.49E−01 3.93E−03 9.90E−01 1.47E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 52 (34.2%) 153 (59.3%) 146 (93%) 40 (97.6%) 9.25E−06 1.06E−25 1.23E−11 1.67E−12 2.77E−05 9.90E−01
AD dementia 8 (61.5%) 67 (91.8%) 100 (94.3%) 29 (96.7%) 6.33E−02 4.91E−03 6.03E−02 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MMSE, mean ± SD NC 29.2 ± 1.1 29 ± 1.1 29 ± 1.4 29.2 ± 1 5.42E−01 8.40E−01 9.99E−01 9.95E−01 9.66E−01 9.79E−01
MCI 28.1 ± 1.7 27.9 ± 1.8 27.2 ± 1.8 27.1 ± 1.8 6.43E−01 1.70E−05 6.98E−03 2.46E−04 3.86E−02 9.98E−01
AD dementia 24.5 ± 1.5 23.5 ± 1.9 23 ± 2.1 23.5 ± 1.9 3.88E−01 7.21E−02 4.57E−01 3.92E−01 1.00E+00 6.83E−01
Age, mean ± SD NC 71.6 ± 5.5 74.4 ± 5.8 76.1 ± 6.2 76.7 ± 6 3.60E−04 1.86E−06 2.95E−01 1.56E−01 8.47E−01 9.96E−01
MCI 70.9 ± 7.9 72.4 ± 7.4 73.9 ± 7.4 71.7 ± 6.9 2.02E−01 3.72E−03 9.26E−01 2.48E−01 9.47E−01 3.81E−01
AD dementia 77.7 ± 7.3 75.6 ± 8.1 74.3 ± 8.1 73.5 ± 8.7 8.13E−01 4.81E−01 4.09E−01 7.40E−01 6.61E−01 9.69E−01
Female, n (%) NC 69 (54.8%) 80 (48.8%) 37 (53.6%) 4 (100%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 7.74E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 55 (36.2%) 99 (38.4%) 72 (45.9%) 23 (56.1%) 9.90E−01 6.41E−01 2.01E−01 9.69E−01 2.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 3 (23.1%) 23 (31.5%) 51 (48.1%) 17 (56.7%) 9.90E−01 9.40E−01 5.40E−01 2.35E−01 1.86E−01 9.90E−01
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) NC 26 (20.6%) 45 (27.4%) 29 (42%) 1 (25%) 9.90E−01 1.58E−02 1.00E+00 2.54E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 41 (27%) 120 (46.5%) 105 (66.9%) 32 (78%) 8.40E−04 2.90E−11 3.90E−08 4.95E−04 2.03E−03 9.90E−01
AD dementia 5 (38.5%) 51 (69.9%) 75 (70.8%) 19 (63.3%) 3.67E−01 2.55E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
P-tau: Innotest ADC  N  All 1106 953 490 78  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.
P-tau pg/ml cutoffs All ≤ 56 57–96 97–159 > 159 n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
N (%) NC 564 (76%) 153 (21%) 19 (3%) 4 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
MCI 272 (46%) 214 (36%) 98 (17%) 7 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
AD dementia 270 (21%) 586 (45%) 373 (29%) 67 (5%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
Abnormal ab42, n (%) NC 61 (10.8%) 44 (28.8%) 16 (84.2%) 3 (75%) 3.22E−07 2.14E−18 6.88E−03 3.57E−05 8.98E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 78 (28.7%) 153 (71.5%) 89 (90.8%) 6 (85.7%) 9.08E−20 6.37E−25 2.78E−02 1.57E−03 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 204 (75.6%) 546 (93.2%) 358 (96%) 65 (97%) 4.83E−12 2.03E−13 1.07E−03 5.59E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MMSE, mean ± SD NC 28.2 ± 1.8 28.1 ± 1.6 27.9 ± 2.1 27.5 ± 1.7 9.99E−01 9.53E−01 8.79E−01 9.71E−01 8.94E−01 9.68E−01
MCI 26.7 ± 2.3 26.6 ± 2.4 25.7 ± 2.7 27.1 ± 2.1 9.88E−01 1.99E−03 9.60E−01 7.13E−03 9.40E−01 3.93E−01
AD dementia 20.9 ± 5 20.7 ± 4.9 20.3 ± 5.2 19 ± 4.8 9.11E−01 4.53E−01 2.98E−02 7.26E−01 5.43E−02 2.07E−01
Age, mean ± SD NC 58.3 ± 8.6 63.1 ± 8.3 67.1 ± 6.5 68.3 ± 16.8 7.58E−09 7.08E−05 9.30E−02 2.07E−01 6.19E−01 9.94E−01
MCI 64.1 ± 8.2 68 ± 7.9 69.3 ± 6.8 70.2 ± 10.1 3.55E−07 1.67E−07 1.77E−01 5.48E−01 8.89E−01 9.91E−01
AD dementia 66.7 ± 7.8 66.1 ± 8.1 65.6 ± 8 67.4 ± 9.2 7.76E−01 3.62E−01 9.13E−01 8.01E−01 6.02E−01 3.47E−01
Female, n (%) NC 228 (40.4%) 67 (43.8%) 9 (47.4%) 2 (50%) 9.90E−01 1.00E+00 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 73 (26.8%) 85 (39.7%) 54 (55.1%) 5 (71.4%) 2.15E−02 4.97E−06 1.80E−01 9.45E−02 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 118 (43.7%) 302 (51.5%) 215 (57.6%) 39 (58.2%) 2.38E−01 3.89E−03 2.77E−01 4.48E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) NC 181 (33.3%) 62 (43.1%) 14 (73.7%) 1 (25%) 2.22E−01 4.13E−03 9.90E−01 1.39E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 90 (35%) 133 (66.2%) 60 (71.4%) 4 (66.7%) 4.10E−10 6.79E−08 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 148 (59.2%) 367 (66.6%) 228 (65.7%) 48 (75%) 3.09E−01 7.44E−01 1.74E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
P-tau: Luminex ADNI  N  All 329 538 316 30  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.
P-tau pg/ml cutoffs All ≤ 23 24–46 47–99 > 99 n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
N (%) NC 138 (37%) 166 (45%) 62 (17%) 3 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
MCI 173 (28%) 266 (43%) 166 (27%) 13 (2%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
AD dementia 18 (8%) 106 (47%) 88 (39%) 14 (6%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
Abnormal ab42, n (%) NC 41 (29.7%) 66 (39.8%) 44 (71%) 3 (100%) 5.28E−01 6.79E−07 2.93E−01 3.11E−04 7.84E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 47 (27.2%) 184 (69.2%) 155 (93.4%) 13 (100%) 9.96E−17 4.99E−34 1.93E−06 3.28E−08 2.30E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 11 (61.1%) 98 (92.5%) 85 (96.6%) 14 (100%) 4.36E−03 1.28E−04 1.63E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MMSE, mean ± SD NC 29.1 ± 1.2 29 ± 1.2 29.1 ± 1 30 ± 0 9.35E−01 1.00E+00 5.35E−01 9.83E−01 4.60E−01 5.32E−01
MCI 28.2 ± 1.6 27.5 ± 1.9 27.5 ± 1.8 27 ± 1.5 2.41E−04 1.71E−03 7.75E−02 1.00E+00 7.42E−01 7.33E−01
AD dementia 23.6 ± 1.9 23.3 ± 2 23.3 ± 2.1 23.6 ± 1.8 9.56E−01 9.15E−01 1.00E+00 9.94E−01 9.80E−01 9.55E−01
Age, mean ± SD NC 73 ± 5.3 73.7 ± 6.5 75.4 ± 5.6 72.8 ± 2.5 7.76E−01 4.23E−02 1.00E+00 1.98E−01 9.94E−01 8.74E−01
MCI 71.7 ± 7.7 73 ± 7.8 72.6 ± 6.9 69.2 ± 7.8 2.58E−01 6.72E−01 6.78E−01 9.41E−01 2.92E−01 4.12E−01
AD dementia 80.6 ± 7.8 76 ± 7.4 72.9 ± 8.5 72.4 ± 5.3 9.87E−02 9.25E−04 1.76E−02 2.83E−02 3.57E−01 9.96E−01
Female, n (%) NC 69 (50%) 88 (53%) 33 (53.2%) 3 (100%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 65 (37.6%) 108 (40.6%) 73 (44%) 8 (61.5%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.47E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 4 (22.2%) 43 (40.6%) 36 (40.9%) 10 (71.4%) 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.20E−02 9.90E−01 3.45E−01 3.92E−01
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) NC 28 (20.3%) 43 (25.9%) 29 (46.8%) 2 (66.7%) 9.90E−01 1.47E−03 9.90E−01 2.57E−02 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
MCI 49 (28.3%) 132 (49.6%) 115 (69.3%) 10 (76.9%) 8.90E−05 6.32E−13 5.36E−03 5.41E−04 6.08E−01 9.90E−01
AD dementia 7 (38.9%) 73 (68.9%) 61 (69.3%) 12 (85.7%) 1.71E−01 1.74E−01 1.24E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01 9.90E−01
P-tau: Elecsys ADNI  N  All 467 454 199 63  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.  n.t.
P-tau pg/ml cutoffs All ≤ 21 22–36 37–55 > 55 n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
N (%) NC 208 (57%) 127 (35%) 24 (7%) 3 (1%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
MCI 241 (40%) 229 (38%) 105 (17%) 33 (5%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
AD dementia 27 (12%) 98 (44%) 70 (32%) 27 (12%) n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t. n.t.
Abnormal ab42, n (%) NC 63 (30.3%) 61 (48%) 23 (95.8%) 2 (66.7%) 9.91E−03 7.59E−09 1.00E+00 2.49E−04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
MCI 83 (34.4%) 173 (75.5%) 102 (97.1%) 33 (100%) 5.17E−18 1.25E−25 2.03E−11 1.99E−05 1.75E−02 1.00E+00
AD dementia 18 (66.7%) 92 (93.9%) 68 (97.1%) 26 (96.3%) 2.61E−03 6.13E−04 8.52E−02 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
MMSE, mean ± SD NC 29.1 ± 1.2 28.9 ± 1.2 29.5 ± 0.8 29 ± 1 9.35E−01 1.00E+00 5.35E−01 9.83E−01 4.60E−01 5.32E−01
MCI 28.1 ± 1.7 27.7 ± 1.8 27.2 ± 1.8 26.9 ± 1.9 2.41E−04 1.71E−03 7.75E−02 1.00E+00 7.42E−01 7.33E−01
AD dementia 24 ± 1.7 23.3 ± 2 23 ± 2.1 23.6 ± 1.8 9.56E−01 9.15E−01 1.00E+00 9.94E−01 9.80E−01 9.55E−01
Age, mean ± SD NC 72.5 ± 5.5 75.2 ± 6.3 77.3 ± 5.5 74.1 ± 3.4 7.76E−01 4.23E−02 1.00E+00 1.98E−01 9.94E−01 8.74E−01
MCI 70.9 ± 7.6 73.4 ± 7.6 73.4 ± 7.3 72.6 ± 7.1 2.58E−01 6.72E−01 6.78E−01 9.41E−01 2.92E−01 4.12E−01
AD dementia 78.1 ± 7.7 75.2 ± 7.7 73.8 ± 8.4 72.9 ± 8.7 9.87E−02 9.25E−04 1.76E−02 2.83E−02 3.57E−01 9.96E−01
Female, n (%) NC 101 (48.6%) 75 (59.1%) 11 (45.8%) 3 (100%) 4.77E−01 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
MCI 94 (39%) 89 (38.9%) 46 (43.8%) 20 (60.6%) 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.79E−01 1.00E+00 1.76E−01 8.25E−01
AD dementia 7 (25.9%) 35 (35.7%) 37 (52.9%) 15 (55.6%) 1.00E+00 1.84E−01 3.15E−01 2.39E−01 6.04E−01 1.00E+00
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) NC 45 (21.6%) 41 (32.3%) 14 (58.3%) 1 (33.3%) 2.51E−01 1.50E−03 1.00E−03 1.66E−01 1.00E+00 1.00E+00
MCI 72 (29.9%) 122 (53.3%) 79 (75.2%) 25 (75.8%) 2.56E−06 7.89E−14 3.92E−06 1.36E−03 1.48E−01 1.00E+00
AD dementia 10 (37%) 72 (73.5%) 52 (74.3%) 16 (59.3%) 5.81E−03 8.60E−03 1.00E+00 1.00E−03 1.00E+00 1.00E+00

All pairwise comparisons are Tukey HSD adjusted for multiple testing

n.t. not tested