Table 2.
Neonatal period antiepileptic medication treatment and continuation at discharge
| Anticonvulsant medication treatment within the 28-day neonatal period | Entire cohort | Hypothermia-treated HIE subcohort |
|---|---|---|
| n = 5,003 | n = 504 | |
| n (%)a,b | n (%) a,b | |
| Phenobarbital | 4,761 (95.2) | 489 (97.0) |
| Levetiracetam | 1,383 (27.6) | 130 (25.8) |
| Fosphenytoin/Phenytoin | 900 (18.0) | 75 (14.9) |
| Pyridoxine (B6) | 215 (4.3) | 11 (2.2) |
| Topiramate | 75 (1.5) | 7 (1.4) |
| Oxcarbazepine | 62 (1.2) | 6 (1.2) |
| Gabapentin | 6 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) |
| Valproic acid | 10 (0.2) | 2 (0.4) |
| Carbamazepine | 3 (0.1) | 0 |
| >1 therapy | 1,778 (35.5) | 175 (34.7) |
| Remained on any anticonvulsant at discharge following neonatal initiation | 3,524 (70.4)a,b | 346 (68.7) a,b |
| Phenobarbital | 2,845 (56.9) | 273 (54.2) |
| Levetiracetam | 1,152 (23.0) | 109 (21.6) |
| Fosphenytoin/Phenytoin | 161 (3.2) | 12 (2.4) |
| Pyridoxine (B6) | 59 (1.2) | 1 (0.2) |
| Topiramate | 60 (1.2) | 3 (0.6) |
| Oxcarbazepine | 66 (1.3) | 6 (1.2) |
| Gabapentin | 11 (0.22) | 1 (0.2) |
| Valproic acid | 0 | 0 |
| Carbamazepine | 2 (0.04) | 0 |
| >1 therapy | 719 (14.4) | 56 (11.1) |
a
Percentages were derived using column N as the denominator.
b
Total column percentage may exceed 100% due to infants receiving more than one anticonvulsant medication.