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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 5.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Feb 5;3(2):e1921513. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.21513

Table 2.

Electronic Cigarette Dependence Symptoms Stratified by Nicotine, Past 30-Day Vaping, and Past-Year Combustible Cigarette Use

Vaping Dependence Symptoms Reported Use of Electronic Cigarettes With Nicotine in Past y
 Vaped in Past 30 d
 Combustible Cigarette Use in Past y
Youths, No. (%)
 Test of Difference, P Valuea Youths, No. (%)
 Test of Difference, P Valuea Youths, No. (%)
 Test of Difference, P Valuea
No (n = 168) Yes (n = 276) No (n = 211) Yes (n = 233) No (n = 298) Yes (n = 146)
≥1 10 (6.0) 42 (15.2) .004 11 (5.2) 41 (17.6) <.001 28 (9.4) 24 (16.4) .04
≥2 3 (1.8) 31 (11.2) <.001 6 (2.8) 28 (12.0) <.001 15 (5.0) 19 (13.0) .004
≥3 2 (1.2) 20 (7.2) .003 6 (2.8) 16 (6.9) .08 8 (2.7) 14 (9.6) .004
a

Calculated by χ2 tests.