Table 1.
Main Characteristics of HIV-Infected Patients by Baseline HBV and HCV Serology Group—FIB-4 Analysis
| Characteristics | HBV/HCV Serology | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCV/HBsAg-/HBcAb | HCV+/HBsAg-/HBcAb- | HCV-/HBsAg-/HBcAb+ | HCV+/HBsAg-/HBcAb+ | HCV-/HBsAg+/HBcAb+ | P Valuea | Total | |
| n = 5264 | n = 490 | n = 533 | n = 312 | n = 367 | n = 6966 | ||
| Gender, No. (%) | <.001 | ||||||
| Female | 1242 (23.6) | 188 (38.4) | 121 (22.7) | 60 (19.2) | 76 (20.7) | 1687 (24.2) | |
| Mode of HIV transmission, No. (%) | <.001 | ||||||
| Injecting drug use | 109 (2.1) | 281 (57.5) | 18 (3.4) | 244 (78.7) | 13 (3.6) | 665 (9.6) | |
| Homosexual contacts | 2434 (46.5) | 80 (16.4) | 219 (41.5) | 27 (8.7) | 156 (43.0) | 2916 (42.1) | |
| Heterosexual contacts | 2340 (44.5) | 110 (22.4) | 258 (48.4) | 34 (10.9) | 174 (47.4) | 2916 (41.9) | |
| Other/unknown | 354 (6.8) | 18 (3.7) | 33 (6.3) | 5 (1.6) | 20 (5.5) | 430 (6.2) | |
| Nationality, No. (%) | <.001 | ||||||
| Not Italian | 955 (18.1) | 40 (8.2) | 184 (34.5) | 24 (7.7) | 112 (30.5) | 1315 (18.9) | |
| AIDS diagnosis, No. (%) | <.001 | ||||||
| Yes | 455 (8.6) | 55 (11.2) | 72 (13.5) | 45 (14.4) | 54 (14.7) | 681 (9.8) | |
| Calendar year of baseline | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 2012 (2009–2015) | 2009 (2003–2013) | 2012 (2008–2015) | 2005 (2003–2011) | 2012 (200–2016) | 2012 (2008–2015) | |
| Age, y | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 37 (30–44) | 39 (33–45) | 42 (35–50) | 41 (36–46) | 39 (33–46) | 38 (31–45) | |
| CD4 count, cells/mm3 | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 432 (263–618) | 446 (295–636) | 385 (200–563) | 435 (272–640) | 423 (223–642) | 429 (258–618) | |
| CD4 count nadir, cells/mm3 | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 368 (207–544) | 347 (170–500) | 293 (131–460) | 291 (172–501) | 323 (144–510) | 355 (190–531) | |
| CD8 count, cells/mm3 | .205 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 877 (618–1230) | 825 (641–1206) | 870 (599–1251) | 952 (685–1357) | 830 (626–1188) | 874 (624–1229) | |
| HIV-RNA, log10 copies/mL | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (range) | 4.38 (0.00–8.00) | 3.90 (0.00–7.04) | 4.30 (0.00–7.00) | 3.66 (0.00–6.36) | 4.36 (0.00–7.00) | 4.32 (0.00–8.00) | |
| Median (IQR) | 4.38 (3.18–5.03) | 3.90 (1.91–4.82) | 4.30 (2.61–5.06) | 3.66 (1.95–4.69) | 4.36 (1.90–4.96) | .027 | 4.32 (2.88–5.00) |
| CD4 count, No. (%) | <.001 | ||||||
| ≤200 cells/mm3 | 861 (18.6) | 69 (15.3) | 120 (25.2) | 44 (14.8) | 75 (23.6) | 1169 (18.9) | |
| Time from HIV diagnosis to date of HBV serology, mo | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 2 (0, 23) | 50 (2, 130) | 2 (0, 35) | 106 (18, 190) | 2 (0, 32) | 3 (0, 35) | |
| Antivirals started, No. (%) | |||||||
| Zidovudine | 321 (6.1) | 71 (14.5) | 47 (8.8) | 58 (18.6) | 29 (7.9) | 526 (7.6) | |
| Lamivudine | 679 (12.9) | 116 (23.7) | 90 (16.9) | 78 (25.0) | 59 (16.1) | 1022 (14.7) | |
| Abacavir | 291 (5.5) | 30 (6.1) | 31 (5.8) | 13 (4.2) | 15 (4.1) | 380 (5.5) | |
| Tenofovir | 1481 (28.1) | 100 (20.4) | 179 (33.6) | 55 (17.6) | 124 (33.8) | 1939 (27.8) | |
| Emtricitabine | 1515 (28.8) | 85 (17.3) | 178 (33.4) | 49 (15.7) | 123 (33.5) | 1950 (28.0) | |
| TAF | 92 (1.7) | 3 (0.6) | 7 (1.3) | 2 (0.6) | 8 (2.2) | 112 (1.6) | |
| Rilpivirine | 177 (3.4) | 7 (1.4) | 15 (2.8) | 3 (1.0) | 11 (3.0) | 213 (3.1) | |
| Stribild | 138 (2.6) | 4 (0.8) | 25 (4.7) | 5 (1.6) | 19 (5.2) | 191 (2.7) | |
| Triumeq | 94 (1.8) | 4 (0.8) | 8 (1.5) | 1 (0.3) | 8 (2.2) | 115 (1.7) | |
| Genvoya | 49 (0.9) | 2 (0.4) | 4 (0.8) | 1 (0.3) | 3 (0.8) | 59 (0.8) | |
| Dolutegravir | 269 (5.1) | 12 (2.4) | 24 (4.5) | 4 (1.3) | 31 (8.4) | 340 (4.9) | |
| Elvitegravir | 187 (3.6) | 6 (1.2) | 29 (5.4) | 6 (1.9) | 21 (5.7) | 249 (3.6) | |
| Raltegravir | 227 (4.3) | 13 (2.7) | 19 (3.6) | 5 (1.6) | 19 (5.2) | 283 (4.1) | |
| Follow-up time, mo | <.001 | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 40 (13–75) | 48 (16–100) | 35 (13–75) | 49 (14–121) | 36 (9–75) | 40 (13–78) | |
| Alcohol use, No. (%) | .003 | ||||||
| None | 1927 (36.6) | 160 (32.7) | 203 (38.1) | 106 (34.0) | 131 (35.7) | 2527 (36.3) | |
| Moderate | 1265 (24.0) | 112 (22.9) | 108 (20.3) | 67 (21.5) | 64 (17.4) | 1616 (23.2) | |
| Hazardous | 336 (6.4) | 35 (7.1) | 36 (6.8) | 35 (11.2) | 25 (6.8) | 467 (6.7) | |
| Unknown | 1736 (33.0) | 183 (37.3) | 186 (34.9) | 104 (33.3) | 147 (40.1) | 2356 (33.8) | |
Abbreviations: HBcAb, anti-HBc; HBsAg, HBs antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IQR, interquartile range; TAF, tenofovir alafenamide.
aChi-square or Kruskal-Wallis test.