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. 2020 Sep 29;12(1):1791677. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1791677

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© 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio after using antimicrobial drugs with high anaerobic activity vs other antimicrobial drugs. Forest plots of the relative risks with 95% confidence intervals of the linear regression with as dependent variable the transformed (logarithmic) Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and as independent variables the combined antimicrobial drugs that have a strong anaerobic activity and the combined remaining antimicrobial drugs (“other”). Both were analyzed with dummy variables with categories of 0–12, 12–24, 24–48 and >48 months compared to no use. The analyses were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, diabetes, time in mail, batch number, use of statins, PPIs, SSRIs, antipsychotics and systemic corticosteroids and (categorized) use of all other antimicrobial drugs. A positive beta indicates a shift toward Firmicutes, whereas a negative beta indicates a shift toward Bacteroidetes.