Table 3.
Treatment effects of all outcome measures.
| Outcome | Overall analysis or subgroup analysis | Number of studies (n=) | Number of participants (I/C) | Estimated effects (RR or MD with 95% CI) | I 2 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency at EoT | Overall analysis | 21 | 1567 (787/780) | MD: −1.23 (−1.69, −0.76) | 97 |
| Subgroup analysis (treatment duration >60 days) | 5 | 318 (160/158) | MD: −0.87 (−1.15, −1.15) | 75 | |
| Subgroup analysis (treatment duration = 56 or 60 days) | 2 | 202 (100/102) | MD: −1.92 (−4.43, 0.60) | 100 | |
| Subgroup analysis (treatment duration = 28 or 30 days) | 14 | 1047 (527/520) | MD: −1.16 (−1.55, −0.76) | 88 | |
| Subgroup analysis (flunarizine dosage at 5 mg daily) | 8 | 574 (286/288) | MD: −1.64 (−2.65, −0.64) | 99 | |
| Subgroup analysis (flunarizine dosage at 10 mg daily) | 11 | 877 (442/435) | MD: −0.99 (−1.25, −0.74) | 75 | |
| Subgroup analysis (studies used Chuan Xiong plus Bai Zhi) | 10 | 793 (399/394) | MD: −1.00 (−1.41, −0.60) | 90 | |
| Subgroup analysis (studies used Chuan Xiong with Tian Ma) | 4 | 278 (138/140) | MD: −1.34 (−3.00, 0.32) | 99 | |
| Frequency at EoFU | Overall analysis | 5 | 345 (170/175) | MD: −0.96 (−1.70, −0.21) | 96 |
| Subgroup analysis (treatment duration > 60 days) | 3 | 178 (90/88) | MD: −0.43 (−0.98, 0.12) | 81 | |
| Subgroup analysis (treatment duration = 28 days) | 2 | 175 (88/87) | MD: −1.84 (−2.62, −1.05) | 78 | |
| Subgroup analysis (follow-up period = 56 or 60 days) | 2 | 130 (66/64) | MD: −0.45 (−1.20, 0.30) | 89 | |
| Subgroup analysis (follow-up period = 28 days) | 3 | 223 (112/111) | MD: −1.33 (−2.45, −0.20) | 92 | |
| Subgroup analysis (flunarizine dosage at 5 mg daily) | 2 | 163 (82/81) | MD: −1.29 (−3.09, 0.52) | 96 | |
| Subgroup analysis (flunarizine dosage at 10 mg daily) | 2 | 130 (66/64) | MD: −0.98 (−1.50, −0.46) | 61 | |
| Subgroup analysis (studies used Chuan Xiong with Bai Zhi) | 4 | 253 (142/141) | MD: −0.99 (−2.17, 0.19) | 96 | |
| Migraine days at EoT | Overall analysis | 4 | 446 (225/221) | MD: −1.65 (−3.85, 0.54) | 96 |
| Migraine days at EoFU | Overall analysis | 3 | 386 (195/191) | MD: −2.18 (−5.08, 0.72) | 97 |
| Pain VAS/NRS at EoT | Overall analysis | 14 | 1038 (526/512) | MD: −1.04 (−1.67, −0.40) | 96 |
| Subgroup analysis (San Pian Tang) | 2 | 175 (87/88) | MD: −1.88, (−3.14, −0.62) | 92 | |
| Subgroup analysis (Zheng Tian pill/granule) | 2 | 108 (54/54) | MD: −0.64, (−1.08, −0.20) | 0 | |
| Pain VAS/NRS at EoFU | Overall analysis | 2 | 163 (82/81) | MD: −1.56 (−3.73, 0.61) | 96 |
| Attack duration at EoT | Overall analysis | 20 | 1495 (752/743) | MD: −2.24 (−3.18, −1.30) | 92 |
| Attack duration at EoFU | Overall analysis | 3 | 250 (126/124) | MD: −3.60 (−8.85, 1.66) | 97 |
| Responder rate at EoT | Overall analysis | 5 | 467 (235/232) | RR: 1.37 (1.23, 1.52) | 0 |
| Acute medication at EoT | Overall analysis | 5 | 506 (255/251) | MD: −0.58 (−1.03, −0.13) | 94 |
| Acute medication usage at EoFU | Overall analysis | 4 | 446 (225/221) | MD: −0.69 (−1.22, −0.15) | 96 |
| HIT-6 at EoT | Overall analysis | 1 | 120 (60/60) | MD: −3.29 (−5.51, −1.07) | — |
Note: C, control group; CI, confidence intervals; EoFU, end of follow-up; EoT, end of treatment; HIT-6, Headache Impact Test-6; I, intervention group; MD, mean difference; n, number; NRS, numerical rating scale; RR, risk ratio; VAS, visual analogue scale.