Receptor expression and interactions of (a) CD8+ T cells, (b) NK cells and (c) NK-92 cells with tumor target cells. T cells primarily recognize target cells via the TCR–HLA/MHC-I interaction, while NK and NK-92 cell activation depends on highly polymorphic activating and inhibitory germline-encoded receptors, such as KIRs or receptors of the NKG2-family. Activating receptors are shown in green, inhibitory receptors are shown in blue and killer receptors are shown in orange. Interleukin receptors are indicated in yellow, with the IL-2 receptor highlighted in orange on the NK-92 cell to illustrate its strong IL-2-dependency. Please note that only a selection of the most important receptors/ligands are shown, without claim of completeness.3–6Abbreviations: CD, cluster of differentiation; DNAM-1, DNAX accessory molecule-1; HS, heparan sulfate; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; IL, interleukin; INF, interferon; KIR, killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; MIC, MHC class I chain-related protein; NKG2, natural killer group 2; TCR, T cell receptor; TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.