mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines in vehicle treated controls and 3,5% DSS induced colitis with and without treatment with the modified E. coli MDS42 strains containing psiTNF
(A) TNF mRNA expression measured on distal colon samples. (B) IL-1a mRNA expression measured on distal colon samples. (C) IL-1b mRNA expression measured on distal colon samples. (D) IL-6 mRNA expression measured on distal colon samples. Vehicle, tap water-administered animal group; DSS, colon specimen of the 3.5% DSS-treated animals; DSS-siTNF, animals administered 3.5% DSS and treated by modified E. coli MDS42 strains containing psiTNF and invasive plasmids. Data represent the means (SD). ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.