Table 4.

Operation-wise energy use (MJ ha⁻¹) in wheat and maize crop as influenced by cropping system, residue management, and TCE practices (2-year mean)

Crop	Treatment	Land preparation	Residue management	Sowing/transplanting	Fertilizer management	Irrigation	Inter-culture	Chemical weed management	Plant protection	Harvest/threshing	Total input energy
		(MJ ha−1)
Wheat	Residue management
	Residue removal	818	–	1727	12,764	6955	–	322	13	450	23,050
	Residue retention	818	31,284	1727	12,764	6955	–	322	13	450	54,334
	TCE practice
	CTTPR-CT	3272	13,772	1951	12,764	6955	–	34	13	450	39,211
	NPTPR-ZT	–	15,487	1652	12,764	6955	–	418	13	450	37,741
	ZTTPR-ZT	–	15,762	1652	12,764	6955	–	418	13	450	38,016
	ZTDSR-ZT	–	17,547	1652	12,764	6955	–	418	13	450	39,800
Maize	Residue management
	Residue removal	818	–	437	12,743	5769	–	466	281	344	20,859
	Residue retention	818	30,176	437	12,743	5769	–	466	281	438	51,129
	TCE practice
	CTTPR-CT	3272	13,252	560	12,743	5769	–	178	281	391	36,446
	NPTPR-ZT	–	14,885	396	12,743	5769	–	562	281	391	35,028
	ZTTPR-ZT	–	16,140	396	12,743	5769	–	562	281	391	36,283
	ZTDSR-ZT	–	16,074	396	12,743	5769	–	562	281	391	36,217