Table 1.
Characteristics of study cohort.
| Variable | Male (n = 120, 35.1%) | Female (n = 222, 64.9%) | P- value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 59.70 ± 9.51 | 59.67 ± 8.57 | 0.974a |
|
Race: Malay (78) Chinese (157) Indian (107) |
30 (25.0%) 51 (42.5%) 39 (32.5%) |
48 (21.6%) 106 (47.7%) 68 (30.6%) |
0.624b |
| Menopause | NA | 191 (86.0%) | |
| LS A T-score | 0.008 ± 1.431 | −0.748 ± 1.315 | < 0.001a |
| LS C T-score | −0.600 ± 1.555 | −1.167 ± 1.366 | 0.001a |
| FN A T-score | −0.537 ± 1.269 | −1.150 ± 1.200 | < 0.001a |
| FN C T-score | −1.104 ± 1.164 | −1.524 ± 1.136 | 0.002a |
| TH A T-score | −0.144 ± 1.134 | −0.374 ± 1.145 | 0.086a |
| TH C T-score | −0.732 ± 0.997 | −1.107 ± 1.090 | 0.003a |
|
BMD Category (A) Normal Osteopenia Osteoporosis |
74 (61.7%) 37 (30.8%) 9 (7.5%) |
80 (36.0%) 103 (46.4%) 39 (17.6%) |
< 0.001b |
|
BMD Category (C) Normal Osteopenia Osteoporosis |
53 (44.2%) 48 (40.0%) 19 (15.8%) |
58 (26.1%) 104 (46.9%) 60 (27.0%) |
0.002b |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
NA, not applicable; LS, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; TH, total hip; A, Asian; C, Caucasian; BMD, bone mineral density.
a
One way ANOVA.
b
Chi-square.