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. 2019 Dec 31;48(4):0300060519896714. doi: 10.1177/0300060519896714

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© The Author(s) 2019

Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 3. — FOS supplementation reduces serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in HFS-fed mice. (a) TNF-α levels (ng/mL); (b) IL-6 levels (ng/mL); (c) MDA levels (mmol/L); and (d) 8-OHdG levels (ng/mL). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 20 in each group). **P < 0.01 vs. the control group; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 vs. the HFS group. FOS, fructo-oligosaccharides; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6, interleukin-6; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; MDA, malonaldehyde; HFS, high-fat/high-sugar.