Table 1.
Univariable analyses to predict mortality (derivation samples)
| Variables | Nursing home residents (N = 2140) |
General population (N = 9121) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | Ref | – | Ref | – |
| Male | 1.50 (1.22–1.85) | 0.0002 | 2.81 (2.31–3.42) | < 0.0001 |
| Age (years) categorized | ||||
| ≤ 59 | Ref | – | Ref | – |
| 60–69 | Ref | – | 10.89 (6.76–17.54) | < 0.0001 |
| 70–79 | 1.67 (0.99–2.81) | 0.0568 | 35.48 (22.75–55.32) | < 0.0001 |
| 80–89 | 2.40 (1.51–3.81) | 0.0002 | 103.37 (66.86–159.83) | < 0.0001 |
| ≥ 90 | 3.23 (2.04–5.13) | < 0.0001 | 142.31 (86.55–234) | < 0.0001 |
| Hospital admission | 4.01 (3.23–4.99) | < 0.0001 | 24.13 (17.51–33.25) | < 0.0001 |
| Previous hospital admissions 1 month | 1.93 (0.97–3.86) | 0.0631 | 13.16 (9.73–17.79) | < 0.0001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Cardiovascular | 1.66 (1.36–2.04) | < 0.0001 | 10.10 (8.30–12.30) | < 0.0001 |
| Cerebrovascular | 1.36 (1.11–1.67) | 0.0032 | 5.64 (4.53–7.04) | < 0.0001 |
| Hemiplegia / Paraplegia | 0.65 (0.43–0.97) | 0.0349 | 4.78 (2.83–8.08) | < 0.0001 |
| Dementia | 1.97 (1.60–2.41) | < 0.0001 | 13.52 (9.61–19.02) | < 0.0001 |
| Respiratory (including COPD) | 1.23 (0.97–1.56) | 0.0831 | 3.47 (2.86–4.22) | < 0.0001 |
| Liver disease | ||||
| No | Ref | – | Ref | – |
| Mild | 1.30 (0.90–1.89) | 0.1652 | 3.36 (2.52–4.49) | < 0.0001 |
| Moderate/severe | 0.31 (0.07–1.33) | 0.1145 | 9.17 (4.97–16.93) | < 0.0001 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | Ref | – | Ref | – |
| Yes, without organ damage | 1.02 (0.80–1.30) | 0.8695 | 4.76 (3.78–6) | < 0.0001 |
| Yes, with organ damage | 1.28 (0.85–1.92) | 0.2393 | 13.75 (9.94–19.01) | < 0.0001 |
| Kidney | 1.71 (1.36–2.15) | < 0.0001 | 9.44 (7.46–11.95) | < 0.0001 |
| Cancer | 1.11 (0.80–1.55) | 0.5254 | 3.58 (2.90–4.43) | < 0.0001 |
| Rheumatic | 0.92 (0.59–1.43) | 0.7138 | 3.53 (2.46–5.07) | < 0.0001 |
| Peptic ulcer | 1.29 (0.88–1.88) | 0.1950 | 4.02 (2.82–5.72) | < 0.0001 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 0.95 (0.35–2.58) | 0.9160 | 0.72 (0.37–1.42) | 0.3462 |
| Arterial hypertension | 1.30 (1.04–1.62) | 0.0221 | 8.17 (6.61–10.10) | < 0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1.11 (0.91–1.35) | 0.3236 | 3.36 (2.78–4.05) | < 0.0001 |
| Asthma | 0.91 (0.60–1.38) | 0.6558 | 0.94 (0.68–1.29) | 0.6843 |
| Basal treatment | ||||
| Antidiabetics | 0.77 (0.59–1.01) | 0.0565 | 3.35 (2.62–4.28) | < 0.0001 |
| Antihypertensive | 1.55 (0.72–3.30) | 0.2617 | 5.55 (3.26–9.44) | < 0.0001 |
| Diuretics | 1.24 (1–1.53) | 0.0478 | 9.53 (7.64–11.88) | < 0.0001 |
| Cardiovascular | 1.31 (1.01–1.70) | 0.0415 | 5.52 (4.35–7.01) | < 0.0001 |
| Beta-blockers | 0.87 (0.66–1.14) | 0.3126 | 5.72 (4.52–7.23) | < 0.0001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 1.04 (0.83–1.32) | 0.7248 | 7.38 (5.98–9.12) | < 0.0001 |
|
Renin–angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors |
1.09 (0.89–1.34) | 0.3934 | 7.04 (5.78–8.58) | < 0.0001 |
| NSAIDs | 0.52 (0.30–0.93) | 0.0274 | 0.32 (0.22–0.46) | < 0.0001 |
| Lipid lowering drugs/statins | 0.58 (0.45–0.76) | < 0.0001 | 3.59 (2.94–4.37) | < 0.0001 |
| Antiplatelets | 0.95 (0.76–1.19) | 0.6666 | 6.08 (4.87–7.59) | < 0.0001 |
| Direct oral anticoagulants | 0.37 (0.26–0.54) | < 0.0001 | 2.71 (1.88–3.91) | < 0.0001 |
| Heparin | 1.49 (0.72–3.06) | 0.2804 | 4.75 (2.07–10.94) | 0.0002 |
| Bronchodilators | 1.05 (0.79–1.39) | 0.7401 | 2.41 (1.92–3.03) | < 0.0001 |
| Chronic azithromycin | 2.72 (1.17–6.33) | 0.0204 | 6.23 (3.23–12.03) | < 0.0001 |
| Immunosuppressants | 0.25 (0.03–1.89) | 0.1778 | 2.10 (1.15–3.84) | 0.0162 |
| Chronic systemic steroids | 0.92 (0.54–1.56) | 0.7513 | 3.78 (2.61–5.46) | < 0.0001 |
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval