FIG 4.

The profile of resistance of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) S. aureus to antibiotics: (A) Ciprofloxacin. (B) Chloramphenicol. (C) Trimethoprim. (D) Oxacillin. Asterisks indicate statistical significance of results from comparisons between VBNC S. aureus or carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone-treated S. aureus (CCCP) and culturable S. aureus (CK), which was determined by Student’s t test (**, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.005). All experiments were performed in biological triplicate. Standard deviations are represented by error bars.