Table 1.
Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression of progression to CSME and CIME by different types of ocular markers
| Ocular markers | Univariate | Multivariate* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | Significant confounders, HR (95% CI, P) | ||
| CSME | ||||||
| MA turnover | 1.04 (1.02–1.05) | <0.001* | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | 0.018* | Age, 0.88 (0.79–0.97, 0.015); BMI, 0.84 (0.73–0.97, 0.015) | |
| MA formation rate | 1.08 (1.05–1.11) | <0.001* | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 0.018* | Age, 0.87 (0.79–0.97, 0.009); BMI, 0.84 (0.73–0.97, 0.015) | |
| MA disappearance rate | 1.07 (1.04–1.11) | <0.001* | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 0.027* | Age, 0.88 (0.79–0.97, 0.014); BMI, 0.85 (0.74–0.97, 0.017) | |
| CRT | 1.06 (1.03–1.10) | 0.001* | 1.08 (1.03–1.14) | 0.003* | Age, 0.89 (0.80–0.98, 0.023) | |
| ΔCRT V1_Vlast | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | <0.001* | 1.08 (1.04–1.11) | <0.001* | Age, 0.83 (0.73–0.94, 0.004); HDL, 0.83 (0.73–0.94, 0.003) | |
| GCL+IPL CSF thickness | 1.12 (1.05–1.11) | <0.001* | 1.13 (1.04–1.22) | 0.002* | Age, 0.88 (0.79–0.98, 0.022); BMI, 0.85 (0.74–0.98, 0.028) | |
| ΔGCL+IPL CSF V1_Vlast | 0.99 (0.90–1.09) | 0.864 | 1.01 (0.91–1.12) | 0.886 | Age, 0.85 (0.77–0.94, 0.001); HDL, 0.88 (0.79–0.97, 0.013); BMI, 0.86 (0.76–0.98, 0.024) | |
| GCL+IPL InRing | 1.11 (1.04–1.18) | 0.001* | 1.05 (0.97–1.12) | 0.230 | Age, 0.86 (0.78–0.95, 0.003); HDL, 0.89 (0.80–0.99, 0.029; BMI, 0.85 (0.76–0.96, 0.006) | |
| ΔGCL+IPL InRing V1_Vlast | 1.05 (0.92–1.19) | 0.483 | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | 0.340 | Age, 0.85 (0.77–0.94, 0.001); HDL, 0.87 (0.79–0.97, 0.015); BMI, 0.86 (0.75–0.98, 0.025) | |
| CIME | ||||||
| MA turnover | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 0.529 | 0.99 (0.87–1.12) | 0.827 | ||
| MA formation rate | 0.71 (0.43–1.17) | 0.177 | 0.82 (0.52–1.30) | 0.398 | ||
| MA disappearance rate | 1.01 (0.88–1.15) | 0.934 | 1.07 (0.87–1.19) | 0.844 | ||
| CRT | 1.17 (1.08–1.27) | <0.001* | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) | <0.001* | ||
| ΔRT V1_Vlast | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.047* | 1.03 (1.01–1.07) | 0.020* | ||
| GCL+IPL CSF thickness | 1.18 (1.09–1.28) | <0.001* | 1.27 (1.11–1.46) | <0.001* | Systolic BP, 0.95 (0.91–1.00, 0.038) | |
| ΔGCL+IPL CSF V1_Vlast | 0.97 (0.87–1.07) | 0.525 | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.511 | ||
| GCL+IPL InRing | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) | 0.257 | 1.03 (0.96–1.12) | 0.393 | ||
| ΔGCL+IPL InRing V1_Vlast | 1.05 (1.02–1.08) | 0.002* | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 0.018* | ||
Boldface type indicates statistical significance where P < 0.005. BP, blood pressure; CSF, central subfield; MA, microaneurysm; RT, retinal thickness; V1_Vlast, visit 1_last visit.
*
Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, duration of diabetes, sex, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and BMI.