TABLE 1.

Relevant Hand Actions During Labor and Delivery Included in the HANDS at Birth Tool for Observation of Birth Attendants

Measuring vital signs

Wiping the vagina

Vaginal examination

Artificial rupture of membranes

Episiotomy

Catching the baby (delivery)

Cord cutting and clamping

Cord traction

Postdelivery examination of the vagina

Wiping the baby clean after birth

Supporting breastfeeding

Manual removal of placenta

Suturing

Suctioning baby’s nose/mouth

Using bag and mask on the baby

Catheter insertion or removal

Insertion or removal of IV lines

Adjusting IV fluids or changing IV bag

Abbreviation: IV, intravenous.